feat: 完善标准 Skill 包底座

- 标准化 SKILL.md、资源模型、校验规则与安全限额

- 支持流式内容存储和单、多 Skill ZIP 双向编解码

README.md

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ Easy-Agents 是一个轻量、可扩展的 Java AI 应用开发框架，覆盖
 - `easy-agents-search-engine`：检索引擎实现。
 - `easy-agents-tool`：工具调用能力。
 - `easy-agents-mcp`：MCP 集成。
+- `easy-agents-skill`：标准 Agent Skills 包模型、安全校验、资源存储与 ZIP 双向编解码。
 - `easy-agents-flow`：流程编排核心引擎。
 - `easy-agents-support`：Flow 与 Easy-Agents 适配模块。
 - `easy-agents-spring-boot-starter`：Spring Boot 自动配置支持。

easy-agents-skill/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# Easy-Agents Skill
+
+`easy-agents-skill` 提供标准 Agent Skills 包的领域模型、安全校验、通用资源存储，以及 ZIP 双向编解码能力。模块只负责 Skill 定义和包处理，不执行 `scripts/`，也不绑定具体智能体 Runtime。
+
+## 标准包结构
+
+Codec 支持根目录单 Skill、单目录 Skill 和多目录 Skill 三种输入布局。标准输出使用 `name/SKILL.md`，并保留以下可移植资源：
+
+- `references/`
+- `scripts/`
+- `assets/`
+- `examples/`
+- 其他安全相对路径资源
+
+`SKILL.md` 使用 YAML frontmatter 与 Markdown 正文。未知字段、嵌套 Map/List、布尔值和数字会保留；语义校验通过结构化 issue 返回路径、行列、错误码与修复建议。
+
+## 推荐调用方式
+
+无参 `ZipSkillPackageCodec` 使用实例级临时文件存储，适合一次性导入导出。它拥有临时目录，必须关闭：
+
+```java
+try (ZipSkillPackageCodec codec = new ZipSkillPackageCodec()) {
+    SkillPackageReadResult result = codec.decode(
+            inputStream,
+            SkillPackageReadOptions.defaults());
+    SkillPackage skillPackage = result.getSkillPackage();
+}
+```
+
+生产系统需要让二进制资源跨请求存活时，应注入持久化的 `SkillContentStore`。注入存储的生命周期由调用方负责，关闭 Codec 不会关闭外部存储：
+
+```java
+ZipSkillPackageCodec codec = new ZipSkillPackageCodec(contentStore);
+SkillPackageReadResult result = codec.decode(inputStream, readOptions);
+codec.encode(result.getSkillPackage(), outputStream, writeOptions);
+```
+
+成功解码的二进制资源通过 `contentRef` 引用已提交内容。业务侧丢弃包或删除资源时，应按持久化策略调用 `release`；复制引用时调用 `retain`。`REPORT_ONLY` 模式会回滚暂存内容，只用于检查诊断，不应持久化其资源引用。
+
+## 校验上下文
+
+校验通过 `SkillValidationMode` 区分两个明确上下文：
+
+- `DRAFT_IMPORT`：ZIP 导入和兼容预检使用；历史下划线名称保留为 warning，允许先进入草稿修复。
+- `STANDARD`：正式新建、发布校验和标准 ZIP 导出使用；下划线名称等互操作问题作为 error。
+
+`SkillFactory.createStrict`、`SkillFactory.createWithResourcesStrict`、`DefaultSkillValidator.validate` 与 `ZipSkillPackageCodec.encode` 执行 `STANDARD` 校验。为保持旧调用兼容，`SkillFactory.create` 仍可构建导入草稿，原有 `validateReport(skill)` 与 `validateReport(skill, limits)` 继续使用 `DRAFT_IMPORT`；新调用方需要显式上下文时使用三参数 `validateReport`。
+
+## 安全边界
+
+默认 Codec 对读写两端执行统一限制：
+
+- 严格 UTF-8 文本和 ZIP entry 名称
+- Zip Slip、符号链接、路径大小写/Unicode 冲突与层级冲突防护
+- entry 数量、路径长度/深度、单文件、总解压大小、压缩包大小和压缩比限制
+- CRC、声明大小与实际流量复核
+- 安全 YAML 构造、重复 key、alias、深度和 code point 限制
+- stage / commit / rollback，失败时清理暂存内容
+
+限额通过 `SkillPackageLimits` 配置，并由 `SkillPackageReadOptions`、`SkillPackageWriteOptions` 传入单次操作。
+
+## 从旧接口迁移
+
+`importZip(InputStream)` 为兼容入口，现已废弃。新调用方应使用 `decode`，以获得：
+
+- 包布局 `SkillPackageLayout`
+- 标准化 `SkillPackage`
+- 包哈希
+- 聚合校验报告
+- `STRICT` 或 `REPORT_ONLY` 读取模式
+
+写出统一使用 `encode`。自定义校验器是附加业务校验，不能替代 Codec 内置的标准安全校验。

easy-agents-skill/pom.xml

@@ -18,6 +18,14 @@
     </properties>
 
     <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
+            <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-compress</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/codec/SkillPackageCodec.java

@@ -1,20 +1,59 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.codec;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillPackageException;
 import com.easyagents.skill.model.Skill;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackage;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLayout;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationReport;
 
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
- * Skill 包导入接口。
+ * Skill 包双向流式编解码接口。
  */
 public interface SkillPackageCodec {
 
     /**
-     * 从 zip 输入流导入 Skill。
+     * 从 ZIP 输入流导入 Skill。
      *
-     * @param inputStream zip 输入流
+     * @param inputStream ZIP 输入流
      * @return Skill 列表
+     * @throws SkillPackageException ZIP 结构、内容或安全校验失败
+     * @deprecated 请使用 {@link #decode(InputStream, SkillPackageReadOptions)} 获取包形态、hash 和诊断。
      */
+    @Deprecated
     List<Skill> importZip(InputStream inputStream);
+
+    /**
+     * 解码 Skill ZIP。
+     *
+     * <p>兼容默认实现委托旧导入接口；正式 Codec 应覆盖。</p>
+     *
+     * @param inputStream ZIP 输入流
+     * @param options 读取选项
+     * @return 解码结果
+     * @throws SkillPackageException ZIP 结构、内容、安全校验或资源存储失败
+     */
+    default SkillPackageReadResult decode(InputStream inputStream, SkillPackageReadOptions options) {
+        List<Skill> skills = importZip(inputStream);
+        SkillPackageLayout layout = skills.size() > 1
+                ? SkillPackageLayout.MULTI_DIRECTORY : SkillPackageLayout.SINGLE_DIRECTORY;
+        return new SkillPackageReadResult(new SkillPackage(layout, skills), new SkillValidationReport(), null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将 Skill 包编码为标准 ZIP。
+     *
+     * @param skillPackage Skill 包
+     * @param outputStream 输出流，不由本方法关闭
+     * @param options 写出选项
+     * @return 编码结果
+     * @throws SkillPackageException Skill 包不合法、资源不可读或 ZIP 写出失败
+     */
+    default SkillPackageWriteResult encode(SkillPackage skillPackage, OutputStream outputStream,
+                                           SkillPackageWriteOptions options) {
+        throw new SkillPackageException("This SkillPackageCodec does not support encoding.");
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/codec/SkillPackageReadMode.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.codec;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 包读取后的内容处理模式。
+ */
+public enum SkillPackageReadMode {
+
+    /**
+     * 校验通过后提交二进制内容；校验失败时抛出异常并回滚暂存内容。
+     */
+    COMMIT_ON_VALID,
+
+    /**
+     * 返回可解析包的完整校验报告并回滚全部暂存内容，不提交二进制内容。
+     * 返回资源中的 contentRef 仅表示内容哈希身份，不保证读取结果返回后仍可打开。
+     */
+    REPORT_ONLY
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/codec/SkillPackageReadOptions.java

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.codec;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 包读取选项。
+ */
+public final class SkillPackageReadOptions {
+
+    private final SkillPackageLimits limits;
+    private final SkillPackageReadMode mode;
+
+    /**
+     * 使用指定安全限额创建读取选项。
+     *
+     * @param limits 安全限额
+     */
+    public SkillPackageReadOptions(SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        this(limits, SkillPackageReadMode.COMMIT_ON_VALID);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用指定安全限额和内容处理模式创建读取选项。
+     *
+     * @param limits 安全限额
+     * @param mode 内容处理模式
+     */
+    public SkillPackageReadOptions(SkillPackageLimits limits, SkillPackageReadMode mode) {
+        this.limits = limits == null ? SkillPackageLimits.defaults() : limits;
+        this.mode = mode == null ? SkillPackageReadMode.COMMIT_ON_VALID : mode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建默认读取选项。
+     *
+     * @return 默认读取选项
+     */
+    public static SkillPackageReadOptions defaults() {
+        return new SkillPackageReadOptions(SkillPackageLimits.defaults());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建只返回校验报告且不提交内容的读取选项。
+     * 二进制资源的 contentRef 仅表示内容哈希身份，不承诺可通过内容存储打开。
+     *
+     * @return 只读预检选项
+     */
+    public static SkillPackageReadOptions reportOnly() {
+        return new SkillPackageReadOptions(SkillPackageLimits.defaults(), SkillPackageReadMode.REPORT_ONLY);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取安全限额。
+     *
+     * @return 安全限额
+     */
+    public SkillPackageLimits getLimits() {
+        return limits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取内容处理模式。
+     *
+     * @return 内容处理模式
+     */
+    public SkillPackageReadMode getMode() {
+        return mode;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/codec/SkillPackageReadResult.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.codec;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackage;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationReport;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 包解码结果。
+ */
+public final class SkillPackageReadResult {
+
+    private final SkillPackage skillPackage;
+    private final SkillValidationReport validationReport;
+    private final String packageHash;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建解码结果。
+     *
+     * @param skillPackage Skill 包
+     * @param validationReport 校验报告
+     * @param packageHash 输入 ZIP SHA-256
+     */
+    public SkillPackageReadResult(SkillPackage skillPackage, SkillValidationReport validationReport,
+                                  String packageHash) {
+        this.skillPackage = skillPackage;
+        this.validationReport = validationReport;
+        this.packageHash = packageHash;
+    }
+
+    /** @return Skill 包 */
+    public SkillPackage getSkillPackage() {
+        return skillPackage;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 结构化校验报告 */
+    public SkillValidationReport getValidationReport() {
+        return validationReport;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 输入 ZIP SHA-256 */
+    public String getPackageHash() {
+        return packageHash;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/codec/SkillPackageWriteOptions.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.codec;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 包写出选项。
+ */
+public final class SkillPackageWriteOptions {
+
+    private final SkillPackageLimits limits;
+
+    /**
+     * 使用指定安全限额创建写出选项。
+     *
+     * @param limits 安全限额
+     */
+    public SkillPackageWriteOptions(SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        this.limits = limits == null ? SkillPackageLimits.defaults() : limits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建默认写出选项。
+     *
+     * @return 默认写出选项
+     */
+    public static SkillPackageWriteOptions defaults() {
+        return new SkillPackageWriteOptions(SkillPackageLimits.defaults());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取安全限额。
+     *
+     * @return 安全限额
+     */
+    public SkillPackageLimits getLimits() {
+        return limits;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/codec/SkillPackageWriteResult.java

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.codec;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLayout;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 包编码结果。
+ */
+public final class SkillPackageWriteResult {
+
+    private final String packageHash;
+    private final long size;
+    private final int entryCount;
+    private final SkillPackageLayout layout;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建编码结果。
+     *
+     * @param packageHash 输出 ZIP SHA-256
+     * @param size 输出字节数
+     * @param entryCount 输出 entry 数
+     */
+    public SkillPackageWriteResult(String packageHash, long size, int entryCount) {
+        this(packageHash, size, entryCount, SkillPackageLayout.SINGLE_DIRECTORY);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建带包形态的编码结果。
+     *
+     * @param packageHash 输出 ZIP SHA-256
+     * @param size 输出字节数
+     * @param entryCount 输出 entry 数
+     * @param layout 输出包形态
+     */
+    public SkillPackageWriteResult(String packageHash, long size, int entryCount,
+                                   SkillPackageLayout layout) {
+        this.packageHash = packageHash;
+        this.size = size;
+        this.entryCount = entryCount;
+        this.layout = layout == null ? SkillPackageLayout.SINGLE_DIRECTORY : layout;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 输出 ZIP SHA-256 */
+    public String getPackageHash() {
+        return packageHash;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 输出字节数 */
+    public long getSize() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 输出 entry 数 */
+    public int getEntryCount() {
+        return entryCount;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 输出包形态 */
+    public SkillPackageLayout getLayout() {
+        return layout;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/exception/SkillPackageException.java

@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.exception;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationReport;
+
 /**
  * Skill 包导入导出异常。
  */
 public class SkillPackageException extends SkillException {
 
+    private final String code;
+    private final String path;
+    private final SkillValidationReport report;
+
     /**
      * 创建 Skill 包异常。
      *
      * @param message 异常信息
      */
     public SkillPackageException(String message) {
-        super(message);
+        this("SKILL_PACKAGE_FAILED", null, message, null, null);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -21,6 +27,62 @@ public class SkillPackageException extends SkillException {
      * @param cause 原始异常
      */
     public SkillPackageException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+        this("SKILL_PACKAGE_FAILED", null, message, cause, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建可定位的 Skill 包异常。
+     *
+     * @param code 稳定错误码
+     * @param path 包内路径
+     * @param message 异常信息
+     */
+    public SkillPackageException(String code, String path, String message) {
+        this(code, path, message, null, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建包含根因的可定位 Skill 包异常。
+     *
+     * @param code 稳定错误码
+     * @param path 包内路径
+     * @param message 异常信息
+     * @param cause 原始异常
+     */
+    public SkillPackageException(String code, String path, String message, Throwable cause) {
+        this(code, path, message, cause, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建包含结构化校验报告的 Skill 包异常。
+     *
+     * @param message 异常信息
+     * @param report 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    public SkillPackageException(String message, SkillValidationReport report) {
+        this("SKILL_PACKAGE_INVALID", null, message, null, report);
+    }
+
+    private SkillPackageException(String code, String path, String message,
+                                  Throwable cause, SkillValidationReport report) {
         super(message, cause);
+        this.code = code;
+        this.path = path;
+        this.report = report;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 稳定错误码 */
+    public String getCode() {
+        return code;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 包内路径 */
+    public String getPath() {
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 结构化校验报告 */
+    public SkillValidationReport getReport() {
+        return report;
     }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/exception/SkillValidationException.java

@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.exception;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationReport;
+
 /**
  * Skill 校验失败异常。
  */
 public class SkillValidationException extends SkillException {
 
+    private final String code;
+    private final String path;
+    private final Integer line;
+    private final Integer column;
+    private final SkillValidationReport report;
+
     /**
      * 创建 Skill 校验异常。
      *
      * @param message 异常信息
      */
     public SkillValidationException(String message) {
-        super(message);
+        this("SKILL_VALIDATION_FAILED", null, null, null, message, null, null);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -21,6 +29,77 @@ public class SkillValidationException extends SkillException {
      * @param cause 原始异常
      */
     public SkillValidationException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+        this("SKILL_VALIDATION_FAILED", null, null, null, message, cause, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建包含结构化报告的 Skill 校验异常。
+     *
+     * @param message 异常信息
+     * @param report 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    public SkillValidationException(String message, SkillValidationReport report) {
+        this("SKILL_VALIDATION_FAILED", null, null, null, message, null, report);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建可定位的 Skill 校验异常。
+     *
+     * @param code 稳定错误码
+     * @param path 文件路径
+     * @param line 一基行号
+     * @param column 一基列号
+     * @param message 异常信息
+     * @param cause 原始异常
+     */
+    public SkillValidationException(String code, String path, Integer line, Integer column,
+                                    String message, Throwable cause) {
+        this(code, path, line, column, message, cause, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建同时携带定位、根因和完整报告的 Skill 校验异常。
+     *
+     * @param code 稳定错误码
+     * @param path 文件路径
+     * @param line 一基行号
+     * @param column 一基列号
+     * @param message 异常信息
+     * @param cause 原始异常
+     * @param report 完整结构化校验报告
+     */
+    public SkillValidationException(String code, String path, Integer line, Integer column,
+                                    String message, Throwable cause, SkillValidationReport report) {
         super(message, cause);
+        this.code = code;
+        this.path = path;
+        this.line = line;
+        this.column = column;
+        this.report = report;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 稳定错误码 */
+    public String getCode() {
+        return code;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 文件路径 */
+    public String getPath() {
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 一基行号 */
+    public Integer getLine() {
+        return line;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 一基列号 */
+    public Integer getColumn() {
+        return column;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 结构化校验报告 */
+    public SkillValidationReport getReport() {
+        return report;
     }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/factory/SkillFactory.java

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.factory;
 
 import com.easyagents.skill.model.*;
 import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillFrontmatter;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillResources;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.defaults.DefaultSkillValidator;
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -25,6 +27,49 @@ public final class SkillFactory {
         return create(id, skillContent, null, null, null);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 基于 SKILL.md 内容创建并严格校验正式标准 Skill。
+     *
+     * @param id Skill ID
+     * @param skillContent SKILL.md 原始内容
+     * @return 通过正式标准校验的 Skill 聚合
+     */
+    public static Skill createStrict(String id, String skillContent) {
+        Skill skill = create(id, skillContent);
+        new DefaultSkillValidator().validate(skill);
+        return skill;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 基于 SKILL.md 内容和通用资源创建 Skill。
+     *
+     * @param id 仓储 ID，可为空
+     * @param skillContent SKILL.md 原始内容
+     * @param resources 通用资源列表
+     * @return Skill 聚合
+     */
+    public static Skill createWithResources(String id, String skillContent, List<SkillResource> resources) {
+        Skill skill = create(id, skillContent);
+        skill.setResources(resources);
+        SkillResources.refreshLegacyViews(skill);
+        return skill;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 基于 SKILL.md 和通用资源创建并严格校验正式标准 Skill。
+     *
+     * @param id 仓储 ID，可为空
+     * @param skillContent SKILL.md 原始内容
+     * @param resources 通用资源列表
+     * @return 通过正式标准校验的 Skill 聚合
+     */
+    public static Skill createWithResourcesStrict(String id, String skillContent,
+                                                  List<SkillResource> resources) {
+        Skill skill = createWithResources(id, skillContent, resources);
+        new DefaultSkillValidator().validate(skill);
+        return skill;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 基于 SKILL.md 内容和资源列表创建 Skill。
      *
@@ -37,16 +82,29 @@ public final class SkillFactory {
      */
     public static Skill create(String id, String skillContent, List<SkillReference> references,
                                List<SkillScript> scripts, List<SkillAsset> assets) {
-        Map<String, Object> values = SkillFrontmatter.parse(skillContent);
+        SkillDocument document = SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(skillContent);
+        Map<String, Object> values = document.getFrontmatter().getValues();
+        String name = requiredScalar(values, "name");
+        String description = requiredScalar(values, "description");
         Skill skill = new Skill();
         skill.setId(id);
-        skill.setName(values.get("name").toString());
+        skill.setName(name);
-        skill.setDescription(values.get("description").toString());
+        skill.setDescription(description);
         skill.setMetadata(new SkillMetadata(values));
-        skill.setSkillContent(skillContent);
+        skill.setDocument(document);
         skill.setReferences(references);
         skill.setScripts(scripts);
         skill.setAssets(assets);
+        skill.setResources(SkillResources.canonicalResources(skill));
         return skill;
     }
+
+    private static String requiredScalar(Map<String, Object> values, String key) {
+        Object value = values.get(key);
+        if (!(value instanceof String text) || text.isBlank()) {
+            throw new com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException(
+                    "SKILL.md frontmatter " + key + " must be a non-blank string.");
+        }
+        return text;
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/Skill.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.model;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillResources;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -12,10 +14,14 @@ public class Skill implements Serializable {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 
     private String id;
+    private String packageRoot;
     private String name;
     private String description;
     private SkillMetadata metadata = new SkillMetadata();
     private String skillContent;
+    private SkillDocument document;
+    private List<SkillResource> resources = new ArrayList<>();
+    private boolean resourcesInitialized;
     private List<SkillReference> references = new ArrayList<>();
     private List<SkillScript> scripts = new ArrayList<>();
     private List<SkillAsset> assets = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -38,6 +44,24 @@ public class Skill implements Serializable {
         this.id = id;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 获取导入包中的顶层目录名；该值不是仓储 ID。
+     *
+     * @return 包目录名
+     */
+    public String getPackageRoot() {
+        return packageRoot;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置导入包中的顶层目录名。
+     *
+     * @param packageRoot 包目录名
+     */
+    public void setPackageRoot(String packageRoot) {
+        this.packageRoot = packageRoot;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取名称。
      *
@@ -98,7 +122,7 @@ public class Skill implements Serializable {
      * @return SKILL.md 原始内容
      */
     public String getSkillContent() {
-        return skillContent;
+        return document == null ? skillContent : document.render();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -108,6 +132,69 @@ public class Skill implements Serializable {
      */
     public void setSkillContent(String skillContent) {
         this.skillContent = skillContent;
+        this.document = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取解析后的 SKILL.md 文档。
+     *
+     * @return 解析后的文档
+     */
+    public SkillDocument getDocument() {
+        return document;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置解析后的 SKILL.md 文档。
+     *
+     * @param document 解析后的文档
+     */
+    public void setDocument(SkillDocument document) {
+        this.document = document;
+        this.skillContent = document == null ? null : document.render();
+        if (document != null) {
+            java.util.Map<String, Object> values = document.getFrontmatter().getValues();
+            this.metadata = new SkillMetadata(values);
+            this.name = values.get("name") instanceof String text ? text : null;
+            this.description = values.get("description") instanceof String text ? text : null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取通用资源列表。
+     *
+     * @return 通用资源列表
+     */
+    public List<SkillResource> getResources() {
+        if (!resourcesInitialized) {
+            resources = resources == null || resources.isEmpty()
+                    ? new ArrayList<>(SkillResources.fromLegacyViews(this))
+                    : new ArrayList<>(resources);
+            resourcesInitialized = true;
+        }
+        return resources;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置通用资源列表。
+     *
+     * @param resources 通用资源列表
+     */
+    public void setResources(List<SkillResource> resources) {
+        this.resources = resources == null ? new ArrayList<>() : new ArrayList<>(resources);
+        this.resourcesInitialized = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断正式通用资源列表是否已被显式初始化。
+     *
+     * <p>该标记用于区分“尚未迁移的旧资源视图”和“调用方明确设置的空资源列表”，
+     * 避免删除最后一个正式资源后又从旧兼容视图恢复该资源。</p>
+     *
+     * @return 已显式设置通用资源列表时为 true
+     */
+    public boolean isResourcesInitialized() {
+        return resourcesInitialized;
     }
 
     /**

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillAsset.java

@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.model;
 import java.io.Serializable;
 
 /**
- * Skill 静态资产。
+ * Skill 静态资产兼容视图。
+ *
+ * @deprecated 请使用 {@link SkillResource}。
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class SkillAsset implements Serializable {
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillDocument.java

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillFrontmatter;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationIssue;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * 解析后的 SKILL.md 文档，保留原文并支持确定性重建。
+ */
+public class SkillDocument implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private String rawContent;
+    private SkillMetadata frontmatter = new SkillMetadata();
+    private String markdownBody = "";
+    private Map<String, SkillSourceLocation> frontmatterLocations = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+    private List<SkillValidationIssue> diagnostics = new ArrayList<>();
+    private boolean modified;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建空文档。
+     */
+    public SkillDocument() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建已解析文档。
+     *
+     * @param rawContent 原始完整内容
+     * @param frontmatter frontmatter 有序对象
+     * @param markdownBody Markdown 正文
+     */
+    public SkillDocument(String rawContent, Map<String, Object> frontmatter, String markdownBody) {
+        this(rawContent, frontmatter, markdownBody, Map.of(), List.of());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建包含源码定位和解析诊断的已解析文档。
+     *
+     * @param rawContent 原始完整内容
+     * @param frontmatter frontmatter 有序对象
+     * @param markdownBody Markdown 正文
+     * @param frontmatterLocations 顶层 frontmatter 字段源码位置
+     * @param diagnostics 解析阶段产生的结构化诊断
+     */
+    public SkillDocument(String rawContent, Map<String, Object> frontmatter, String markdownBody,
+                         Map<String, SkillSourceLocation> frontmatterLocations,
+                         List<SkillValidationIssue> diagnostics) {
+        this.rawContent = rawContent;
+        this.frontmatter = new SkillMetadata(frontmatter);
+        this.markdownBody = markdownBody == null ? "" : markdownBody;
+        this.frontmatterLocations = frontmatterLocations == null
+                ? new LinkedHashMap<>() : new LinkedHashMap<>(frontmatterLocations);
+        this.diagnostics = diagnostics == null ? new ArrayList<>() : new ArrayList<>(diagnostics);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取原始完整内容。
+     *
+     * @return 原始内容
+     */
+    public String getRawContent() {
+        return rawContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置原始完整内容。
+     *
+     * @param rawContent 原始内容
+     */
+    public void setRawContent(String rawContent) {
+        this.rawContent = rawContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 frontmatter 防御性副本；修改文档请使用 {@link #putFrontmatter(String, Object)}、
+     * {@link #removeFrontmatter(String)} 或 {@link #setFrontmatter(SkillMetadata)}。
+     *
+     * @return frontmatter 有序对象副本
+     */
+    public SkillMetadata getFrontmatter() {
+        return new SkillMetadata(frontmatter.getValues());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置 frontmatter 并标记文档已修改。
+     *
+     * @param frontmatter frontmatter 有序对象
+     */
+    public void setFrontmatter(SkillMetadata frontmatter) {
+        this.frontmatter = frontmatter == null
+                ? new SkillMetadata() : new SkillMetadata(frontmatter.getValues());
+        this.frontmatterLocations.clear();
+        this.modified = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 写入一个 frontmatter 字段并标记文档已修改。
+     *
+     * @param key 字段名
+     * @param value 字段值
+     */
+    public void putFrontmatter(String key, Object value) {
+        frontmatter.put(key, value);
+        frontmatterLocations.remove(key);
+        modified = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 删除一个 frontmatter 字段并标记文档已修改。
+     *
+     * @param key 字段名
+     * @return 被删除值的防御性副本
+     */
+    public Object removeFrontmatter(String key) {
+        Object removed = frontmatter.remove(key);
+        frontmatterLocations.remove(key);
+        modified = true;
+        return removed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取顶层 frontmatter 字段的源码位置。
+     *
+     * @param key frontmatter 字段名
+     * @return 源码位置；字段不存在或已被结构化修改时为空
+     */
+    public SkillSourceLocation getFrontmatterLocation(String key) {
+        return key == null ? null : frontmatterLocations.get(key);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取顶层 frontmatter 字段源码位置的不可变副本。
+     *
+     * @return 字段与源码位置映射
+     */
+    public Map<String, SkillSourceLocation> getFrontmatterLocations() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(new LinkedHashMap<>(frontmatterLocations));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取解析阶段结构化诊断的不可变副本。
+     *
+     * @return 解析诊断
+     */
+    public List<SkillValidationIssue> getDiagnostics() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(diagnostics));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 Markdown 正文。
+     *
+     * @return Markdown 正文
+     */
+    public String getMarkdownBody() {
+        return markdownBody;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置 Markdown 正文并标记文档已修改。
+     *
+     * @param markdownBody Markdown 正文
+     */
+    public void setMarkdownBody(String markdownBody) {
+        this.markdownBody = markdownBody == null ? "" : markdownBody;
+        this.modified = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断结构化内容是否被修改。
+     *
+     * @return 已修改时为 true
+     */
+    public boolean isModified() {
+        return modified;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置修改标记。
+     *
+     * @param modified 修改标记
+     */
+    public void setModified(boolean modified) {
+        this.modified = modified;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 渲染完整 SKILL.md；未修改时优先返回原文。
+     *
+     * @return 完整 SKILL.md
+     */
+    public String render() {
+        if (!modified && rawContent != null) {
+            return rawContent;
+        }
+        return SkillFrontmatter.serialize(frontmatter.getValues(), markdownBody);
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillMetadata.java

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.model;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 /**
@@ -29,12 +36,12 @@ public class SkillMetadata implements Serializable {
     }
 
     /**
-     * 获取元数据键值。
+     * 获取元数据键值的递归防御性副本。
      *
-     * @return 元数据键值
+     * @return 元数据键值副本
      */
     public Map<String, Object> getValues() {
-        return values;
+        return deepCopyMap(values);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -43,7 +50,7 @@ public class SkillMetadata implements Serializable {
      * @param values 元数据键值
      */
     public void setValues(Map<String, Object> values) {
-        this.values = values == null ? new LinkedHashMap<>() : new LinkedHashMap<>(values);
+        this.values = values == null ? new LinkedHashMap<>() : deepCopyMap(values);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -53,9 +60,10 @@ public class SkillMetadata implements Serializable {
      * @param value 元数据值
      */
     public void put(String key, Object value) {
-        if (key != null && !key.isBlank()) {
+        if (key == null || key.isBlank()) {
-            values.put(key, value);
+            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill metadata key must be a non-blank string.");
         }
+        values.put(key, deepCopyValue(value));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -65,7 +73,17 @@ public class SkillMetadata implements Serializable {
      * @return 元数据值
      */
     public Object get(String key) {
-        return values.get(key);
+        return deepCopyValue(values.get(key));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 删除一个元数据键。
+     *
+     * @param key 元数据键
+     * @return 被删除值的防御性副本
+     */
+    public Object remove(String key) {
+        return deepCopyValue(values.remove(key));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -76,4 +94,37 @@ public class SkillMetadata implements Serializable {
     public boolean isEmpty() {
         return values.isEmpty();
     }
+
+    private static LinkedHashMap<String, Object> deepCopyMap(Map<?, ?> source) {
+        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> target = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : source.entrySet()) {
+            if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key) || key.isBlank()) {
+                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill metadata keys must be non-blank strings.");
+            }
+            target.put(key, deepCopyValue(entry.getValue()));
+        }
+        return target;
+    }
+
+    private static Object deepCopyValue(Object value) {
+        if (value == null || value instanceof String || value instanceof Boolean
+                || value instanceof Byte || value instanceof Short || value instanceof Integer
+                || value instanceof Long || value instanceof Float || value instanceof Double
+                || value instanceof BigInteger || value instanceof BigDecimal || value instanceof Character) {
+            return value;
+        }
+        if (value instanceof Date date) {
+            return new Date(date.getTime());
+        }
+        if (value instanceof Map<?, ?> map) {
+            return deepCopyMap(map);
+        }
+        if (value instanceof List<?> list) {
+            List<Object> copy = new ArrayList<>(list.size());
+            list.forEach(item -> copy.add(deepCopyValue(item)));
+            return copy;
+        }
+        throw new SkillValidationException("Unsupported Skill metadata value type: "
+                + value.getClass().getName());
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillPackage.java

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * 可移植 Skill 包聚合。
+ */
+public class SkillPackage implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private SkillPackageLayout layout = SkillPackageLayout.SINGLE_DIRECTORY;
+    private List<Skill> skills = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    /**
+     * 创建空 Skill 包。
+     */
+    public SkillPackage() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建 Skill 包。
+     *
+     * @param layout 包结构形态
+     * @param skills Skill 列表
+     */
+    public SkillPackage(SkillPackageLayout layout, List<Skill> skills) {
+        setLayout(layout);
+        setSkills(skills);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取包结构形态。
+     *
+     * @return 包结构形态
+     */
+    public SkillPackageLayout getLayout() {
+        return layout;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置包结构形态。
+     *
+     * @param layout 包结构形态
+     */
+    public void setLayout(SkillPackageLayout layout) {
+        this.layout = layout == null ? SkillPackageLayout.SINGLE_DIRECTORY : layout;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 Skill 列表。
+     *
+     * @return Skill 列表
+     */
+    public List<Skill> getSkills() {
+        return skills;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置 Skill 列表。
+     *
+     * @param skills Skill 列表
+     */
+    public void setSkills(List<Skill> skills) {
+        this.skills = skills == null ? new ArrayList<>() : new ArrayList<>(skills);
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillPackageLayout.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+/**
+ * Skill ZIP 的结构形态。
+ */
+public enum SkillPackageLayout {
+
+    /** 根目录直接包含 SKILL.md 的单 Skill 包。 */
+    ROOT_SKILL,
+
+    /** 一个顶层目录包装的单 Skill 包。 */
+    SINGLE_DIRECTORY,
+
+    /** 多个顶层 Skill 目录组成的批量包。 */
+    MULTI_DIRECTORY
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillPackageLimits.java

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 包读取安全限额；调用方只能在底层硬上限内收紧或调整。
+ */
+public final class SkillPackageLimits implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final int HARD_MAX_ENTRY_COUNT = 10_000;
+    private static final long HARD_MAX_TEXT_FILE_BYTES = 8L * 1024 * 1024;
+    private static final long HARD_MAX_BINARY_FILE_BYTES = 200L * 1024 * 1024;
+    private static final long HARD_MAX_TOTAL_BYTES = 512L * 1024 * 1024;
+    private static final long HARD_MAX_COMPRESSED_BYTES = 512L * 1024 * 1024;
+    private static final int HARD_MAX_PATH_LENGTH = 1_024;
+    private static final int HARD_MAX_PATH_DEPTH = 32;
+    private static final double HARD_MAX_COMPRESSION_RATIO = 200D;
+    private static final long HARD_MAX_FRONTMATTER_BYTES = 256L * 1024;
+    private static final int HARD_MAX_YAML_ALIASES = 50;
+    private static final int HARD_MAX_YAML_DEPTH = 20;
+    private static final int HARD_MAX_YAML_CODE_POINTS = 262_144;
+
+    private final int maxEntryCount;
+    private final long maxTextFileBytes;
+    private final long maxBinaryFileBytes;
+    private final long maxTotalUncompressedBytes;
+    private final long maxCompressedPackageBytes;
+    private final int maxPathLength;
+    private final int maxPathDepth;
+    private final double maxCompressionRatio;
+    private final long maxFrontmatterBytes;
+    private final int maxYamlAliases;
+    private final int maxYamlDepth;
+    private final int maxYamlCodePoints;
+
+    private SkillPackageLimits(Builder builder) {
+        maxEntryCount = positive(builder.maxEntryCount, HARD_MAX_ENTRY_COUNT, "maxEntryCount");
+        maxTextFileBytes = positive(builder.maxTextFileBytes, HARD_MAX_TEXT_FILE_BYTES, "maxTextFileBytes");
+        maxBinaryFileBytes = positive(builder.maxBinaryFileBytes, HARD_MAX_BINARY_FILE_BYTES,
+                "maxBinaryFileBytes");
+        maxTotalUncompressedBytes = positive(builder.maxTotalUncompressedBytes, HARD_MAX_TOTAL_BYTES,
+                "maxTotalUncompressedBytes");
+        maxCompressedPackageBytes = positive(builder.maxCompressedPackageBytes, HARD_MAX_COMPRESSED_BYTES,
+                "maxCompressedPackageBytes");
+        maxPathLength = positive(builder.maxPathLength, HARD_MAX_PATH_LENGTH, "maxPathLength");
+        maxPathDepth = positive(builder.maxPathDepth, HARD_MAX_PATH_DEPTH, "maxPathDepth");
+        maxCompressionRatio = positive(builder.maxCompressionRatio, HARD_MAX_COMPRESSION_RATIO,
+                "maxCompressionRatio");
+        maxFrontmatterBytes = positive(builder.maxFrontmatterBytes, HARD_MAX_FRONTMATTER_BYTES,
+                "maxFrontmatterBytes");
+        maxYamlAliases = nonNegative(builder.maxYamlAliases, HARD_MAX_YAML_ALIASES, "maxYamlAliases");
+        maxYamlDepth = positive(builder.maxYamlDepth, HARD_MAX_YAML_DEPTH, "maxYamlDepth");
+        maxYamlCodePoints = positive(builder.maxYamlCodePoints, HARD_MAX_YAML_CODE_POINTS,
+                "maxYamlCodePoints");
+        if (maxTextFileBytes > maxTotalUncompressedBytes || maxBinaryFileBytes > maxTotalUncompressedBytes) {
+            throw new SkillValidationException("Single-file limits cannot exceed the total uncompressed limit.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建默认限额。
+     *
+     * @return 默认限额
+     */
+    public static SkillPackageLimits defaults() {
+        return builder().build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建限额构建器。
+     *
+     * @return 限额构建器
+     */
+    public static Builder builder() {
+        return new Builder();
+    }
+
+    /** @return 最大 ZIP entry 数 */
+    public int getMaxEntryCount() {
+        return maxEntryCount;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 单文本文件最大字节数 */
+    public long getMaxTextFileBytes() {
+        return maxTextFileBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 单二进制文件最大字节数 */
+    public long getMaxBinaryFileBytes() {
+        return maxBinaryFileBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 包总未压缩最大字节数 */
+    public long getMaxTotalUncompressedBytes() {
+        return maxTotalUncompressedBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 输入 ZIP 最大压缩字节数 */
+    public long getMaxCompressedPackageBytes() {
+        return maxCompressedPackageBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 单路径最大字符数 */
+    public int getMaxPathLength() {
+        return maxPathLength;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 最大目录深度 */
+    public int getMaxPathDepth() {
+        return maxPathDepth;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 单 entry 最大压缩比 */
+    public double getMaxCompressionRatio() {
+        return maxCompressionRatio;
+    }
+
+    /** @return frontmatter 最大字节数 */
+    public long getMaxFrontmatterBytes() {
+        return maxFrontmatterBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** @return YAML collection 最大 alias 数 */
+    public int getMaxYamlAliases() {
+        return maxYamlAliases;
+    }
+
+    /** @return YAML 最大嵌套深度 */
+    public int getMaxYamlDepth() {
+        return maxYamlDepth;
+    }
+
+    /** @return YAML 最大 Unicode code point 数 */
+    public int getMaxYamlCodePoints() {
+        return maxYamlCodePoints;
+    }
+
+    private static int positive(int value, int hardMax, String name) {
+        if (value <= 0 || value > hardMax) {
+            throw new SkillValidationException(name + " must be between 1 and " + hardMax + ".");
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private static int nonNegative(int value, int hardMax, String name) {
+        if (value < 0 || value > hardMax) {
+            throw new SkillValidationException(name + " must be between 0 and " + hardMax + ".");
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private static long positive(long value, long hardMax, String name) {
+        if (value <= 0 || value > hardMax) {
+            throw new SkillValidationException(name + " must be between 1 and " + hardMax + ".");
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private static double positive(double value, double hardMax, String name) {
+        if (!Double.isFinite(value) || value <= 0D || value > hardMax) {
+            throw new SkillValidationException(name + " must be between 0 and " + hardMax + ".");
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Skill 包限额构建器。
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private int maxEntryCount = 2_000;
+        private long maxTextFileBytes = 2L * 1024 * 1024;
+        private long maxBinaryFileBytes = 50L * 1024 * 1024;
+        private long maxTotalUncompressedBytes = 200L * 1024 * 1024;
+        private long maxCompressedPackageBytes = 100L * 1024 * 1024;
+        private int maxPathLength = 512;
+        private int maxPathDepth = 16;
+        private double maxCompressionRatio = 100D;
+        private long maxFrontmatterBytes = 64L * 1024;
+        private int maxYamlAliases = 10;
+        private int maxYamlDepth = 10;
+        private int maxYamlCodePoints = 65_536;
+
+        private Builder() {
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 最大 entry 数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxEntryCount(int value) {
+            maxEntryCount = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 单文本文件最大字节数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxTextFileBytes(long value) {
+            maxTextFileBytes = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 单二进制文件最大字节数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxBinaryFileBytes(long value) {
+            maxBinaryFileBytes = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 包总未压缩最大字节数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxTotalUncompressedBytes(long value) {
+            maxTotalUncompressedBytes = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 输入 ZIP 最大压缩字节数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxCompressedPackageBytes(long value) {
+            maxCompressedPackageBytes = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 单路径最大字符数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxPathLength(int value) {
+            maxPathLength = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 最大目录深度 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxPathDepth(int value) {
+            maxPathDepth = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value 单 entry 最大压缩比 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxCompressionRatio(double value) {
+            maxCompressionRatio = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value frontmatter 最大字节数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxFrontmatterBytes(long value) {
+            maxFrontmatterBytes = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value YAML alias 最大数量 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxYamlAliases(int value) {
+            maxYamlAliases = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value YAML 最大嵌套深度 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxYamlDepth(int value) {
+            maxYamlDepth = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @param value YAML 最大 code point 数 @return 当前构建器 */
+        public Builder maxYamlCodePoints(int value) {
+            maxYamlCodePoints = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * 构建并校验限额。
+         *
+         * @return 不可变限额
+         */
+        public SkillPackageLimits build() {
+            return new SkillPackageLimits(this);
+        }
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillReference.java

@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.model;
 import java.io.Serializable;
 
 /**
- * Skill Markdown 参考文档。
+ * Skill Markdown 参考文档兼容视图。
+ *
+ * @deprecated 请使用 {@link SkillResource}。
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class SkillReference implements Serializable {
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillResource.java

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 根目录下的通用安全资源。
+ */
+public class SkillResource implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private String path;
+    private SkillResourceKind kind = SkillResourceKind.OTHER;
+    private String mediaType;
+    private String textContent;
+    private String contentRef;
+    private String contentHash;
+    private long size;
+    private SkillMetadata metadata = new SkillMetadata();
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 Skill 根目录相对路径。
+     *
+     * @return 资源路径
+     */
+    public String getPath() {
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置 Skill 根目录相对路径。
+     *
+     * @param path 资源路径
+     */
+    public void setPath(String path) {
+        this.path = path;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取资源语义类型。
+     *
+     * @return 资源语义类型
+     */
+    public SkillResourceKind getKind() {
+        return kind;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置资源语义类型。
+     *
+     * @param kind 资源语义类型
+     */
+    public void setKind(SkillResourceKind kind) {
+        this.kind = kind == null ? SkillResourceKind.OTHER : kind;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取媒体类型。
+     *
+     * @return 媒体类型
+     */
+    public String getMediaType() {
+        return mediaType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置媒体类型。
+     *
+     * @param mediaType 媒体类型
+     */
+    public void setMediaType(String mediaType) {
+        this.mediaType = mediaType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取严格 UTF-8 文本内容。
+     *
+     * @return 文本内容，二进制资源返回 null
+     */
+    public String getTextContent() {
+        return textContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置严格 UTF-8 文本内容。
+     *
+     * @param textContent 文本内容
+     */
+    public void setTextContent(String textContent) {
+        this.textContent = textContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取二进制内容引用。
+     *
+     * @return 内容引用，文本资源通常返回 null
+     */
+    public String getContentRef() {
+        return contentRef;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置二进制内容引用。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    public void setContentRef(String contentRef) {
+        this.contentRef = contentRef;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取内容 SHA-256。
+     *
+     * @return 十六进制 SHA-256
+     */
+    public String getContentHash() {
+        return contentHash;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置内容 SHA-256。
+     *
+     * @param contentHash 十六进制 SHA-256
+     */
+    public void setContentHash(String contentHash) {
+        this.contentHash = contentHash;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取原始字节大小。
+     *
+     * @return 字节大小
+     */
+    public long getSize() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置原始字节大小。
+     *
+     * @param size 字节大小
+     */
+    public void setSize(long size) {
+        this.size = size;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取资源扩展元数据。
+     *
+     * @return 扩展元数据
+     */
+    public SkillMetadata getMetadata() {
+        return metadata;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置资源扩展元数据。
+     *
+     * @param metadata 扩展元数据
+     */
+    public void setMetadata(SkillMetadata metadata) {
+        this.metadata = metadata == null ? new SkillMetadata() : metadata;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断资源是否以内联文本保存。
+     *
+     * @return 包含文本内容时为 true
+     */
+    public boolean isText() {
+        return textContent != null;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillResourceKind.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 资源语义类型。
+ */
+public enum SkillResourceKind {
+
+    /** 参考资料。 */
+    REFERENCE,
+
+    /** 脚本源码，仅保存且不执行。 */
+    SCRIPT,
+
+    /** 静态资产。 */
+    ASSET,
+
+    /** 使用示例。 */
+    EXAMPLE,
+
+    /** 其他安全资源。 */
+    OTHER
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillScript.java

@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.model;
 import java.io.Serializable;
 
 /**
- * Skill 脚本源码。
+ * Skill 脚本源码兼容视图。
+ *
+ * @deprecated 请使用 {@link SkillResource}。
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class SkillScript implements Serializable {
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillSourceLocation.java

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * SKILL.md 中的一基源码位置。
+ */
+public final class SkillSourceLocation implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private final int line;
+    private final int column;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建源码位置。
+     *
+     * @param line 一基行号
+     * @param column 一基列号
+     */
+    public SkillSourceLocation(int line, int column) {
+        if (line < 1 || column < 1) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Skill source location must be one-based.");
+        }
+        this.line = line;
+        this.column = column;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 一基行号 */
+    public int getLine() {
+        return line;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 一基列号 */
+    public int getColumn() {
+        return column;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/repository/memory/InMemorySkillRepository.java

@@ -92,16 +92,54 @@ public class InMemorySkillRepository implements SkillRepository {
     private static Skill copySkill(Skill source) {
         Skill target = new Skill();
         target.setId(source.getId());
+        target.setPackageRoot(source.getPackageRoot());
         target.setName(source.getName());
         target.setDescription(source.getDescription());
         target.setMetadata(copyMetadata(source.getMetadata()));
-        target.setSkillContent(source.getSkillContent());
+        SkillDocument copiedDocument = copyDocument(source.getDocument());
+        if (copiedDocument == null) {
+            target.setSkillContent(source.getSkillContent());
+        } else {
+            target.setDocument(copiedDocument);
+        }
+        target.setResources(copyResources(source.getResources()));
         target.setReferences(copyReferences(source.getReferences()));
         target.setScripts(copyScripts(source.getScripts()));
         target.setAssets(copyAssets(source.getAssets()));
         return target;
     }
 
+    private static SkillDocument copyDocument(SkillDocument source) {
+        if (source == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        SkillDocument target = new SkillDocument(source.getRawContent(),
+                source.getFrontmatter().getValues(), source.getMarkdownBody(),
+                source.getFrontmatterLocations(), source.getDiagnostics());
+        target.setModified(source.isModified());
+        return target;
+    }
+
+    private static List<SkillResource> copyResources(List<SkillResource> sources) {
+        List<SkillResource> targets = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (sources == null) {
+            return targets;
+        }
+        for (SkillResource source : sources) {
+            SkillResource target = new SkillResource();
+            target.setPath(source.getPath());
+            target.setKind(source.getKind());
+            target.setMediaType(source.getMediaType());
+            target.setTextContent(source.getTextContent());
+            target.setContentRef(source.getContentRef());
+            target.setContentHash(source.getContentHash());
+            target.setSize(source.getSize());
+            target.setMetadata(copyMetadata(source.getMetadata()));
+            targets.add(target);
+        }
+        return targets;
+    }
+
     private static List<SkillReference> copyReferences(List<SkillReference> sources) {
         List<SkillReference> targets = new ArrayList<>();
         if (sources == null) {

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/store/SkillContentStage.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.store;
+
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * 尚未提交的 Skill 二进制内容阶段结果。
+ */
+public final class SkillContentStage {
+
+    private final String stageId;
+    private final String contentRef;
+    private final String contentHash;
+    private final long size;
+    private final boolean alreadyCommitted;
+    private final Path compatibilityPath;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建内容阶段结果。
+     *
+     * @param stageId 暂存标识
+     * @param contentRef 最终内容引用
+     * @param contentHash SHA-256
+     * @param size 字节大小
+     * @param alreadyCommitted 是否由兼容实现提前写入正式存储
+     */
+    public SkillContentStage(String stageId, String contentRef, String contentHash,
+                             long size, boolean alreadyCommitted) {
+        this(stageId, contentRef, contentHash, size, alreadyCommitted, null);
+    }
+
+    private SkillContentStage(String stageId, String contentRef, String contentHash,
+                              long size, boolean alreadyCommitted, Path compatibilityPath) {
+        this.stageId = Objects.requireNonNull(stageId, "stageId");
+        this.contentRef = Objects.requireNonNull(contentRef, "contentRef");
+        this.contentHash = Objects.requireNonNull(contentHash, "contentHash");
+        this.size = size;
+        this.alreadyCommitted = alreadyCommitted;
+        this.compatibilityPath = compatibilityPath;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 暂存标识 */
+    public String getStageId() {
+        return stageId;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 最终内容引用 */
+    public String getContentRef() {
+        return contentRef;
+    }
+
+    /** @return SHA-256 */
+    public String getContentHash() {
+        return contentHash;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 字节大小 */
+    public long getSize() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 已提前提交时为 true */
+    public boolean isAlreadyCommitted() {
+        return alreadyCommitted;
+    }
+
+    static SkillContentStage compatibility(Path path, String contentHash, long size) {
+        String contentRef = "sha256:" + contentHash;
+        return new SkillContentStage(contentRef, contentRef, contentHash,
+                size, false, path);
+    }
+
+    Path compatibilityPath() {
+        return compatibilityPath;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/store/SkillContentStore.java

@@ -1,9 +1,19 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.store;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillException;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillHashes;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.security.DigestOutputStream;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
 
 /**
- * Skill 二进制内容存储接口。
+ * Skill 二进制内容流式存储与引用生命周期接口。
  */
 public interface SkillContentStore {
 
@@ -15,6 +25,123 @@ public interface SkillContentStore {
      */
     String put(byte[] bytes);
 
+    /**
+     * 流式保存内容并返回内容引用。
+     *
+     * <p>兼容默认实现仅缓存单个文件；正式持久化实现应覆盖该方法以直接流式写入。</p>
+     *
+     * @param inputStream 内容流，不由本方法关闭
+     * @param maxBytes 最大允许字节数
+     * @return 内容引用
+     */
+    default String put(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        return put(readBounded(inputStream, maxBytes));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 暂存内容，供完成全包校验后统一提交。
+     *
+     * <p>为兼容旧实现，默认实现会立即写入；正式实现应覆盖并提供真实暂存区。</p>
+     *
+     * @param inputStream 内容流，不由本方法关闭
+     * @param maxBytes 最大允许字节数
+     * @return 暂存结果
+     */
+    default SkillContentStage stage(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        if (inputStream == null || maxBytes < 0) {
+            throw new SkillException("Valid Skill content stream and limit are required.");
+        }
+        Path temporaryFile = null;
+        try {
+            temporaryFile = Files.createTempFile("easy-agents-skill-content-", ".stage");
+            MessageDigest digest = SkillHashes.newSha256Digest();
+            long total = 0;
+            try (DigestOutputStream output = new DigestOutputStream(
+                    Files.newOutputStream(temporaryFile, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING), digest)) {
+                byte[] buffer = new byte[16 * 1024];
+                int read;
+                while ((read = inputStream.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
+                    if (read == 0) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (total > maxBytes - read) {
+                        throw new SkillException("Skill content exceeds " + maxBytes + " bytes.");
+                    }
+                    output.write(buffer, 0, read);
+                    total += read;
+                }
+            }
+            return SkillContentStage.compatibility(
+                    temporaryFile, SkillHashes.toHex(digest.digest()), total);
+        } catch (IOException | RuntimeException e) {
+            deleteTemporaryFile(temporaryFile);
+            if (e instanceof SkillException skillException) {
+                throw skillException;
+            }
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to stage Skill content stream.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 提交暂存内容。
+     *
+     * @param stage 暂存结果
+     * @return 最终内容引用
+     */
+    default String commit(SkillContentStage stage) {
+        if (stage == null) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content stage is required.");
+        }
+        Path compatibilityPath = stage.compatibilityPath();
+        if (compatibilityPath != null) {
+            try (InputStream input = Files.newInputStream(compatibilityPath)) {
+                String contentRef = put(input, stage.getSize());
+                if (!stage.getContentRef().equals(contentRef)) {
+                    release(contentRef);
+                    throw new SkillException("Skill content store returned a non-hash content reference.");
+                }
+                return contentRef;
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new SkillException("Failed to commit staged Skill content.", e);
+            } finally {
+                deleteTemporaryFile(compatibilityPath);
+            }
+        }
+        return stage.getContentRef();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 回滚尚未提交的内容。
+     *
+     * @param stage 暂存结果
+     */
+    default void rollback(SkillContentStage stage) {
+        if (stage != null) {
+            deleteTemporaryFile(stage.compatibilityPath());
+            if (stage.isAlreadyCommitted()) {
+                release(stage.getContentRef());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 增加正式内容引用计数。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    default void retain(String contentRef) {
+        // 旧实现没有引用计数，保留兼容空操作。
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放正式内容引用；引用归零后实现可以删除物理内容。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    default void release(String contentRef) {
+        // 旧实现没有引用计数，保留兼容空操作。
+    }
+
     /**
      * 打开内容流。
      *
@@ -38,4 +165,43 @@ public interface SkillContentStore {
      * @return 存在时为 true
      */
     boolean exists(String contentRef);
+
+    private static byte[] readBounded(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        if (inputStream == null) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content input stream is required.");
+        }
+        if (maxBytes < 0) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content max bytes cannot be negative.");
+        }
+        try {
+            ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream((int) Math.min(maxBytes, 8_192));
+            byte[] buffer = new byte[8_192];
+            long total = 0;
+            int read;
+            while ((read = inputStream.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
+                if (read == 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                total += read;
+                if (total > maxBytes) {
+                    throw new SkillException("Skill content exceeds " + maxBytes + " bytes.");
+                }
+                output.write(buffer, 0, read);
+            }
+            return output.toByteArray();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to read Skill content stream.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void deleteTemporaryFile(Path path) {
+        if (path == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(path);
+        } catch (IOException ignored) {
+            // 临时文件清理由操作系统兜底，调用方异常语义保持不变。
+        }
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/store/file/TemporaryFileSkillContentStore.java

@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.store.file;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillException;
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStage;
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStore;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillHashes;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.FilterInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.lang.ref.Cleaner;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.FileVisitResult;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.SimpleFileVisitor;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
+import java.security.DigestOutputStream;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.util.EnumSet;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * 基于进程临时目录的流式 Skill 内容存储。
+ *
+ * <p>内容先写入隔离暂存文件，提交后按 SHA-256 去重，并由引用计数控制物理文件生命周期。
+ * 调用方应在不再使用内容引用和已打开的输入流后调用 {@link #close()}。未显式关闭的实例会由
+ * JVM Cleaner 尝试兜底清理，但 Cleaner 不应替代正常的生命周期管理。</p>
+ */
+public final class TemporaryFileSkillContentStore implements SkillContentStore, AutoCloseable {
+
+    private static final String DIRECTORY_PREFIX = "easy-agents-skill-content-";
+    private static final int COPY_BUFFER_SIZE = 16 * 1024;
+    private static final Cleaner CLEANER = Cleaner.create();
+
+    private final Object lifecycleMonitor = new Object();
+    private final Path storageDirectory;
+    private final Path stagedDirectory;
+    private final Path contentDirectory;
+    private final Map<String, StagedContent> stagedContents = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, StoredContent> contents = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Cleaner.Cleanable cleanable;
+    private volatile boolean closed;
+
+    /**
+     * 在系统临时目录中创建独立内容存储。
+     */
+    public TemporaryFileSkillContentStore() {
+        this(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 在指定父目录中创建独立内容存储。
+     *
+     * <p>该实例只拥有新建的子目录，关闭时不会删除传入的父目录。</p>
+     *
+     * @param parentDirectory 临时存储父目录；为 null 时使用系统临时目录
+     */
+    public TemporaryFileSkillContentStore(Path parentDirectory) {
+        this.storageDirectory = createStorageDirectory(parentDirectory);
+        this.stagedDirectory = storageDirectory.resolve("staged");
+        this.contentDirectory = storageDirectory.resolve("content");
+        try {
+            Files.createDirectory(stagedDirectory);
+            Files.createDirectory(contentDirectory);
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            deleteDirectoryQuietly(storageDirectory);
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to initialize temporary Skill content store.", exception);
+        }
+        this.cleanable = CLEANER.register(this, new DirectoryCleanup(storageDirectory));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 流式保存字节内容并持有一个正式引用。
+     *
+     * @param bytes 内容字节；null 按空内容处理
+     * @return SHA-256 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String put(byte[] bytes) {
+        byte[] safeBytes = bytes == null ? new byte[0] : bytes;
+        return put(new ByteArrayInputStream(safeBytes), safeBytes.length);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 流式保存内容并持有一个正式引用。
+     *
+     * @param inputStream 内容流，不由本方法关闭
+     * @param maxBytes 最大允许字节数
+     * @return SHA-256 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String put(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        SkillContentStage stage = stage(inputStream, maxBytes);
+        try {
+            return commit(stage);
+        } catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+            try {
+                rollback(stage);
+            } catch (RuntimeException cleanupError) {
+                exception.addSuppressed(cleanupError);
+            }
+            throw exception;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将内容流式写入独立暂存文件并同步计算 SHA-256。
+     *
+     * @param inputStream 内容流，不由本方法关闭
+     * @param maxBytes 最大允许字节数
+     * @return 暂存结果
+     */
+    @Override
+    public SkillContentStage stage(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        if (inputStream == null || maxBytes < 0) {
+            throw new SkillException("Valid Skill content stream and limit are required.");
+        }
+        String stageId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
+        Path stagedPath = stagedDirectory.resolve(stageId + ".stage");
+        ensureOpen();
+        try {
+            MessageDigest digest = SkillHashes.newSha256Digest();
+            long size = 0;
+            try (DigestOutputStream output = new DigestOutputStream(
+                    Files.newOutputStream(stagedPath, StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW,
+                            StandardOpenOption.WRITE), digest)) {
+                byte[] buffer = new byte[COPY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+                int length;
+                while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
+                    if (length == 0) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (size > maxBytes - length) {
+                        throw new SkillException("Skill content exceeds " + maxBytes + " bytes.");
+                    }
+                    output.write(buffer, 0, length);
+                    size += length;
+                }
+            }
+            String contentHash = SkillHashes.toHex(digest.digest());
+            String contentRef = "sha256:" + contentHash;
+            StagedContent stagedContent = new StagedContent(
+                    stagedPath, contentRef, contentHash, size);
+            synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+                ensureOpenLocked();
+                stagedContents.put(stageId, stagedContent);
+            }
+            return new SkillContentStage(stageId, contentRef, contentHash, size, false);
+        } catch (IOException | RuntimeException exception) {
+            deleteFileQuietly(stagedPath);
+            if (exception instanceof SkillException skillException) {
+                throw skillException;
+            }
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to stage temporary Skill content.", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 原子地提交暂存内容并增加一份正式引用。
+     *
+     * @param stage 暂存结果
+     * @return SHA-256 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String commit(SkillContentStage stage) {
+        if (stage == null) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content stage is required.");
+        }
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            ensureOpenLocked();
+            StagedContent stagedContent = stagedContents.get(stage.getStageId());
+            validateStage(stage, stagedContent);
+            validateStagedFile(stagedContent);
+
+            StoredContent existing = contents.get(stagedContent.contentRef);
+            if (existing != null) {
+                validateDuplicateContent(stagedContent, existing);
+                if (existing.references == Long.MAX_VALUE) {
+                    throw new SkillException("Skill content reference count overflow: "
+                            + stagedContent.contentRef);
+                }
+                deleteFile(stagedContent.path, "Failed to delete committed Skill stage.");
+                stagedContents.remove(stage.getStageId());
+                existing.references++;
+                existing.pendingDeletion = false;
+                return stagedContent.contentRef;
+            }
+
+            Path targetPath = contentDirectory.resolve(stagedContent.contentHash + ".content");
+            if (Files.exists(targetPath, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                throw new SkillException("Unexpected Skill content file already exists: "
+                        + stagedContent.contentRef);
+            }
+            moveAtomically(stagedContent.path, targetPath);
+            contents.put(stagedContent.contentRef,
+                    new StoredContent(targetPath, stagedContent.size));
+            stagedContents.remove(stage.getStageId());
+            return stagedContent.contentRef;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 删除尚未提交的暂存内容。
+     *
+     * @param stage 暂存结果
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void rollback(SkillContentStage stage) {
+        if (stage == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            if (closed) {
+                return;
+            }
+            StagedContent stagedContent = stagedContents.get(stage.getStageId());
+            if (stagedContent == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            validateStage(stage, stagedContent);
+            deleteFile(stagedContent.path, "Failed to rollback staged Skill content.");
+            stagedContents.remove(stage.getStageId());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 增加一份正式内容引用。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void retain(String contentRef) {
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            ensureOpenLocked();
+            StoredContent content = contents.get(contentRef);
+            if (content == null || content.references <= 0) {
+                throw new SkillException("Skill content does not exist: " + contentRef);
+            }
+            if (content.references == Long.MAX_VALUE) {
+                throw new SkillException("Skill content reference count overflow: " + contentRef);
+            }
+            content.references++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放一份正式内容引用，最后一个引用释放后删除物理文件。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void release(String contentRef) {
+        if (contentRef == null || contentRef.isBlank()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            if (closed) {
+                return;
+            }
+            StoredContent content = contents.get(contentRef);
+            if (content == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (content.references > 0) {
+                content.references--;
+            }
+            if (content.references == 0) {
+                content.pendingDeletion = true;
+                deleteReleasedContent(contentRef, content);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 打开正式内容的文件流。
+     *
+     * <p>返回流会持有读取租约，最后一个正式引用释放时会等待已打开的流关闭后再删除文件。</p>
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     * @return 内容输入流，调用方负责关闭
+     */
+    @Override
+    public InputStream open(String contentRef) {
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            ensureOpenLocked();
+            StoredContent content = contents.get(contentRef);
+            if (content == null || content.references <= 0) {
+                throw new SkillException("Skill content does not exist: " + contentRef);
+            }
+            if (content.readers == Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+                throw new SkillException("Skill content reader count overflow: " + contentRef);
+            }
+            try {
+                InputStream input = Files.newInputStream(content.path, StandardOpenOption.READ);
+                content.readers++;
+                return new LeasedInputStream(input, contentRef, content);
+            } catch (IOException exception) {
+                throw new SkillException("Failed to open temporary Skill content: " + contentRef,
+                        exception);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 读取正式内容的全部字节。
+     *
+     * <p>该兼容方法会按接口约定返回一个字节数组；流式调用方应优先使用 {@link #open(String)}。</p>
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     * @return 内容字节
+     */
+    @Override
+    public byte[] readAllBytes(String contentRef) {
+        try (InputStream input = open(contentRef)) {
+            return input.readAllBytes();
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to read temporary Skill content: " + contentRef,
+                    exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断正式内容是否仍有有效引用。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     * @return 存在且至少持有一个引用时为 true
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean exists(String contentRef) {
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            if (closed) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            StoredContent content = contents.get(contentRef);
+            return content != null && content.references > 0
+                    && Files.isRegularFile(content.path, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理全部暂存和正式内容并关闭存储。
+     *
+     * <p>调用前应先关闭通过 {@link #open(String)} 获取的流。该方法可重复调用。</p>
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            if (closed) {
+                return;
+            }
+            closed = true;
+            stagedContents.clear();
+            contents.clear();
+        }
+        try {
+            deleteDirectory(storageDirectory);
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to clean temporary Skill content store.", exception);
+        } finally {
+            cleanable.clean();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 返回该实例拥有的临时目录，供同包生命周期测试使用。
+     *
+     * @return 实例临时目录
+     */
+    Path storageDirectory() {
+        return storageDirectory;
+    }
+
+    private void ensureOpen() {
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            ensureOpenLocked();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void ensureOpenLocked() {
+        if (closed) {
+            throw new SkillException("Temporary Skill content store is closed.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void validateStage(SkillContentStage stage, StagedContent content) {
+        if (content == null) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content stage does not exist: " + stage.getStageId());
+        }
+        if (!content.contentRef.equals(stage.getContentRef())
+                || !content.contentHash.equals(stage.getContentHash())
+                || content.size != stage.getSize()) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content stage metadata does not match: "
+                    + stage.getStageId());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void validateStagedFile(StagedContent content) {
+        try {
+            BasicFileAttributes attributes = Files.readAttributes(
+                    content.path, BasicFileAttributes.class, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+            if (!attributes.isRegularFile() || attributes.size() != content.size) {
+                throw new SkillException("Staged Skill content file changed before commit: "
+                        + content.contentRef);
+            }
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to inspect staged Skill content: "
+                    + content.contentRef, exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void validateDuplicateContent(StagedContent stagedContent,
+                                                 StoredContent existing) {
+        if (existing.size != stagedContent.size) {
+            throw new SkillException("SHA-256 collision detected for Skill content: "
+                    + stagedContent.contentRef);
+        }
+        try {
+            if (Files.mismatch(stagedContent.path, existing.path) != -1) {
+                throw new SkillException("SHA-256 collision detected for Skill content: "
+                        + stagedContent.contentRef);
+            }
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to compare duplicate Skill content: "
+                    + stagedContent.contentRef, exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void moveAtomically(Path source, Path target) {
+        try {
+            Files.move(source, target, StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE);
+        } catch (AtomicMoveNotSupportedException exception) {
+            try {
+                Files.move(source, target);
+            } catch (IOException fallbackException) {
+                fallbackException.addSuppressed(exception);
+                throw new SkillException("Failed to commit staged Skill content.",
+                        fallbackException);
+            }
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to commit staged Skill content.", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void deleteReleasedContent(String contentRef, StoredContent content) {
+        if (content.readers > 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        deleteFile(content.path, "Failed to delete released Skill content.");
+        contents.remove(contentRef, content);
+    }
+
+    private void releaseReader(String contentRef, StoredContent content) throws IOException {
+        synchronized (lifecycleMonitor) {
+            if (content.readers > 0) {
+                content.readers--;
+            }
+            if (closed || !content.pendingDeletion || content.readers > 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                deleteReleasedContent(contentRef, content);
+            } catch (SkillException exception) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to delete released Skill content.", exception);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Path createStorageDirectory(Path parentDirectory) {
+        Path directory = null;
+        try {
+            directory = parentDirectory == null
+                    ? Files.createTempDirectory(DIRECTORY_PREFIX)
+                    : Files.createTempDirectory(parentDirectory, DIRECTORY_PREFIX);
+            restrictOwnerAccess(directory);
+            return directory;
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            deleteDirectoryQuietly(directory);
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to create temporary Skill content store.", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void restrictOwnerAccess(Path directory) throws IOException {
+        try {
+            Files.setPosixFilePermissions(directory, EnumSet.of(
+                    PosixFilePermission.OWNER_READ,
+                    PosixFilePermission.OWNER_WRITE,
+                    PosixFilePermission.OWNER_EXECUTE));
+        } catch (UnsupportedOperationException ignored) {
+            // 非 POSIX 文件系统使用平台默认的临时目录访问控制。
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void deleteFile(Path path, String message) {
+        try {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(path);
+        } catch (IOException exception) {
+            throw new SkillException(message, exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void deleteFileQuietly(Path path) {
+        try {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(path);
+        } catch (IOException ignored) {
+            // 后续 close 或 Cleaner 会再次清理实例目录。
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void deleteDirectory(Path directory) throws IOException {
+        if (!Files.exists(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Files.walkFileTree(directory, new SimpleFileVisitor<>() {
+            @Override
+            public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attributes)
+                    throws IOException {
+                Files.deleteIfExists(file);
+                return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public FileVisitResult postVisitDirectory(Path current, IOException exception)
+                    throws IOException {
+                if (exception != null) {
+                    throw exception;
+                }
+                Files.deleteIfExists(current);
+                return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static void deleteDirectoryQuietly(Path directory) {
+        if (directory == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            deleteDirectory(directory);
+        } catch (IOException ignored) {
+            // Cleaner 是兜底路径，无法向已回收实例传播清理失败。
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class LeasedInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
+
+        private final String contentRef;
+        private final StoredContent content;
+        private boolean streamClosed;
+
+        private LeasedInputStream(InputStream input, String contentRef, StoredContent content) {
+            super(input);
+            this.contentRef = contentRef;
+            this.content = content;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() throws IOException {
+            if (streamClosed) {
+                return;
+            }
+            streamClosed = true;
+            IOException closeFailure = null;
+            try {
+                super.close();
+            } catch (IOException exception) {
+                closeFailure = exception;
+            }
+            try {
+                releaseReader(contentRef, content);
+            } catch (IOException cleanupFailure) {
+                if (closeFailure == null) {
+                    closeFailure = cleanupFailure;
+                } else {
+                    closeFailure.addSuppressed(cleanupFailure);
+                }
+            }
+            if (closeFailure != null) {
+                throw closeFailure;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class StagedContent {
+
+        private final Path path;
+        private final String contentRef;
+        private final String contentHash;
+        private final long size;
+
+        private StagedContent(Path path, String contentRef, String contentHash, long size) {
+            this.path = path;
+            this.contentRef = contentRef;
+            this.contentHash = contentHash;
+            this.size = size;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class StoredContent {
+
+        private final Path path;
+        private final long size;
+        private long references = 1;
+        private int readers;
+        private boolean pendingDeletion;
+
+        private StoredContent(Path path, long size) {
+            this.path = path;
+            this.size = size;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class DirectoryCleanup implements Runnable {
+
+        private final Path directory;
+
+        private DirectoryCleanup(Path directory) {
+            this.directory = directory;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            deleteDirectoryQuietly(directory);
+        }
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/store/memory/InMemorySkillContentStore.java

@@ -1,24 +1,30 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.store.memory;
 
 import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillException;
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStage;
 import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStore;
 import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillHashes;
 
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
 /**
- * 基于内存的 Skill 二进制内容存储。
+ * 基于内存的 Skill 内容存储，支持真实暂存与引用计数，适用于测试和轻量场景。
  */
 public class InMemorySkillContentStore implements SkillContentStore {
 
-    private final ConcurrentMap<String, byte[]> contents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private final ConcurrentMap<String, StoredContent> contents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private final ConcurrentMap<String, byte[]> stagedContents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 
     /**
-     * 保存内容并返回内容引用。
+     * 保存内容并持有一个引用。
      *
      * @param bytes 内容字节
      * @return 内容引用
@@ -27,10 +33,109 @@ public class InMemorySkillContentStore implements SkillContentStore {
     public String put(byte[] bytes) {
         byte[] safeBytes = bytes == null ? new byte[0] : Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
         String contentRef = SkillHashes.sha256Ref(safeBytes);
-        contents.putIfAbsent(contentRef, safeBytes);
+        contents.compute(contentRef, (key, current) -> {
+            if (current == null) {
+                return new StoredContent(safeBytes);
+            }
+            if (!Arrays.equals(current.bytes, safeBytes)) {
+                throw new SkillException("SHA-256 collision detected for Skill content: " + contentRef);
+            }
+            current.references.incrementAndGet();
+            return current;
+        });
         return contentRef;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 流式保存内容并持有一个引用。
+     *
+     * @param inputStream 内容流
+     * @param maxBytes 最大允许字节数
+     * @return 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String put(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        return put(readBounded(inputStream, maxBytes));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将内容写入独立暂存区。
+     *
+     * @param inputStream 内容流
+     * @param maxBytes 最大允许字节数
+     * @return 暂存结果
+     */
+    @Override
+    public SkillContentStage stage(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        byte[] bytes = readBounded(inputStream, maxBytes);
+        String hash = SkillHashes.sha256Hex(bytes);
+        String stageId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
+        stagedContents.put(stageId, bytes);
+        return new SkillContentStage(stageId, "sha256:" + hash, hash, bytes.length, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 原子地将暂存内容转为正式引用。
+     *
+     * @param stage 暂存结果
+     * @return 正式内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String commit(SkillContentStage stage) {
+        if (stage == null) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content stage is required.");
+        }
+        byte[] bytes = stagedContents.remove(stage.getStageId());
+        if (bytes == null) {
+            throw new SkillException("Skill content stage does not exist: " + stage.getStageId());
+        }
+        String contentRef = put(bytes);
+        if (!contentRef.equals(stage.getContentRef())) {
+            release(contentRef);
+            throw new SkillException("Skill staged content hash changed before commit.");
+        }
+        return contentRef;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 删除暂存内容。
+     *
+     * @param stage 暂存结果
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void rollback(SkillContentStage stage) {
+        if (stage != null) {
+            stagedContents.remove(stage.getStageId());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 增加正式内容引用计数。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void retain(String contentRef) {
+        contents.compute(contentRef, (key, content) -> {
+            if (content == null) {
+                throw new SkillException("Skill content does not exist: " + contentRef);
+            }
+            content.references.incrementAndGet();
+            return content;
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放正式内容引用并在归零时删除内容。
+     *
+     * @param contentRef 内容引用
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void release(String contentRef) {
+        contents.computeIfPresent(contentRef, (key, content) ->
+                content.references.decrementAndGet() <= 0 ? null : content);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 打开内容流。
      *
@@ -46,15 +151,15 @@ public class InMemorySkillContentStore implements SkillContentStore {
      * 读取全部内容。
      *
      * @param contentRef 内容引用
-     * @return 内容字节
+     * @return 内容副本
      */
     @Override
     public byte[] readAllBytes(String contentRef) {
-        byte[] bytes = contents.get(contentRef);
+        StoredContent content = contents.get(contentRef);
-        if (bytes == null) {
+        if (content == null) {
             throw new SkillException("Skill content does not exist: " + contentRef);
         }
-        return Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
+        return Arrays.copyOf(content.bytes, content.bytes.length);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -67,4 +172,39 @@ public class InMemorySkillContentStore implements SkillContentStore {
     public boolean exists(String contentRef) {
         return contents.containsKey(contentRef);
     }
+
+    private static byte[] readBounded(InputStream inputStream, long maxBytes) {
+        if (inputStream == null || maxBytes < 0) {
+            throw new SkillException("Valid Skill content stream and limit are required.");
+        }
+        try {
+            ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream((int) Math.min(maxBytes, 8_192));
+            byte[] buffer = new byte[8_192];
+            long total = 0;
+            int read;
+            while ((read = inputStream.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
+                if (read == 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                total += read;
+                if (total > maxBytes) {
+                    throw new SkillException("Skill content exceeds " + maxBytes + " bytes.");
+                }
+                output.write(buffer, 0, read);
+            }
+            return output.toByteArray();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new SkillException("Failed to read Skill content stream.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class StoredContent {
+
+        private final byte[] bytes;
+        private final AtomicInteger references = new AtomicInteger(1);
+
+        private StoredContent(byte[] bytes) {
+            this.bytes = Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
+        }
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillFrontmatter.java

@@ -1,89 +1,293 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.util;
 
 import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillDocument;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillSourceLocation;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.DumperOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.error.MarkedYAMLException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.error.YAMLException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes.MappingNode;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes.Node;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes.NodeTuple;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes.ScalarNode;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes.Tag;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.representer.Representer;
 
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
 
 /**
- * SKILL.md frontmatter 解析工具。
+ * SKILL.md 安全 frontmatter 解析与确定性序列化工具。
  */
 public final class SkillFrontmatter {
 
+    private static final String DOCUMENT_PATH = "SKILL.md";
+    private static final Set<Tag> ALLOWED_TAGS = Set.of(
+            Tag.MAP, Tag.SEQ, Tag.STR, Tag.BOOL, Tag.NULL,
+            Tag.INT, Tag.FLOAT, Tag.TIMESTAMP
+    );
+
     private SkillFrontmatter() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * 解析 SKILL.md 开头的 frontmatter。
+     * 解析 SKILL.md frontmatter，并兼容原有必填字段校验行为。
      *
      * @param content SKILL.md 原始内容
-     * @return frontmatter 键值
+     * @return frontmatter 有序键值
+     * @throws SkillValidationException 文档或必填字段不合法
      */
     public static Map<String, Object> parse(String content) {
-        if (content == null || content.isBlank()) {
+        SkillDocument document = parseDocument(content, SkillPackageLimits.defaults());
-            throw new SkillValidationException("SKILL.md content is required.");
+        Map<String, Object> values = document.getFrontmatter().getValues();
-        }
+        requireCoreField(values, "name");
-        String[] lines = content.split("\\R", -1);
+        requireCoreField(values, "description");
-        if (lines.length == 0 || !"---".equals(lines[0])) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("SKILL.md must start with frontmatter.");
-        }
-
-        Map<String, Object> values = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-        boolean closed = false;
-        for (int i = 1; i < lines.length; i++) {
-            String line = lines[i];
-            if ("---".equals(line)) {
-                closed = true;
-                break;
-            }
-            if (line.isBlank()) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (Character.isWhitespace(line.charAt(0))) {
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Nested frontmatter is not supported.");
-            }
-            parseScalarLine(line, values);
-        }
-        if (!closed) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("SKILL.md frontmatter is not closed.");
-        }
-        if (isBlank(values.get("name"))) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("SKILL.md frontmatter name is required.");
-        }
-        if (isBlank(values.get("description"))) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("SKILL.md frontmatter description is required.");
-        }
         return values;
     }
 
-    private static void parseScalarLine(String line, Map<String, Object> values) {
+    /**
-        int colonIndex = line.indexOf(':');
+     * 使用默认安全限额解析完整 SKILL.md。
-        if (colonIndex <= 0) {
+     *
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Only single-line key: value frontmatter is supported.");
+     * @param content SKILL.md 原始内容
-        }
+     * @return 解析后的文档
-        String key = line.substring(0, colonIndex).trim();
+     * @throws SkillValidationException 文档语法不合法
-        String value = stripQuotes(line.substring(colonIndex + 1).trim());
+     */
-        if (key.isBlank()) {
+    public static SkillDocument parseDocument(String content) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Frontmatter key cannot be blank.");
+        return parseDocument(content, SkillPackageLimits.defaults());
-        }
-        if (value.isBlank()) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Frontmatter value cannot be blank: " + key);
-        }
-        values.put(key, value);
     }
 
-    private static String stripQuotes(String value) {
+    /**
-        if (value.length() >= 2) {
+     * 使用指定安全限额解析完整 SKILL.md。
-            boolean doubleQuoted = value.startsWith("\"") && value.endsWith("\"");
+     *
-            boolean singleQuoted = value.startsWith("'") && value.endsWith("'");
+     * @param content SKILL.md 原始内容
-            if (doubleQuoted || singleQuoted) {
+     * @param limits 安全限额
-                return value.substring(1, value.length() - 1);
+     * @return 解析后的文档
+     * @throws SkillValidationException 文档语法、类型或限额不合法
+     */
+    public static SkillDocument parseDocument(String content, SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        if (content == null || content.isBlank()) {
+            throw error("SKILL_CONTENT_REQUIRED", 1, 1, "SKILL.md content is required.", null);
+        }
+        try {
+            SkillUtf8.byteLength(content);
+        } catch (CharacterCodingException e) {
+            throw error("INVALID_UTF8", 1, 1,
+                    "SKILL.md must be losslessly encodable as UTF-8.", e);
+        }
+        SkillPackageLimits effectiveLimits = limits == null ? SkillPackageLimits.defaults() : limits;
+        FrontmatterSections sections = split(content);
+        long frontmatterBytes;
+        try {
+            frontmatterBytes = SkillUtf8.byteLength(sections.yaml);
+        } catch (CharacterCodingException e) {
+            throw error("INVALID_UTF8", 2, 1,
+                    "SKILL.md frontmatter must be losslessly encodable as UTF-8.", e);
+        }
+        if (frontmatterBytes > effectiveLimits.getMaxFrontmatterBytes()) {
+            throw error("FRONTMATTER_TOO_LARGE", 1, 1,
+                    "SKILL.md frontmatter exceeds " + effectiveLimits.getMaxFrontmatterBytes() + " bytes.", null);
+        }
+
+        LoaderOptions loaderOptions = new LoaderOptions();
+        loaderOptions.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+        loaderOptions.setWarnOnDuplicateKeys(false);
+        loaderOptions.setAllowRecursiveKeys(false);
+        loaderOptions.setMaxAliasesForCollections(effectiveLimits.getMaxYamlAliases());
+        loaderOptions.setNestingDepthLimit(effectiveLimits.getMaxYamlDepth());
+        loaderOptions.setCodePointLimit(effectiveLimits.getMaxYamlCodePoints());
+        loaderOptions.setTagInspector(tag -> isStandardTag(tag));
+
+        try {
+            Yaml yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(loaderOptions));
+            Node rootNode = yaml.compose(new StringReader(sections.yaml));
+            Object loaded = yaml.load(sections.yaml);
+            if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) {
+                throw error("FRONTMATTER_ROOT_NOT_MAP", 2, 1,
+                        "SKILL.md frontmatter root must be a YAML mapping.", null);
             }
+            LinkedHashMap<String, Object> values = copyStringMap(map, 0, effectiveLimits.getMaxYamlDepth());
+            return new SkillDocument(content, values, sections.body,
+                    collectTopLevelLocations(rootNode), List.of());
+        } catch (SkillValidationException e) {
+            throw e;
+        } catch (MarkedYAMLException e) {
+            int line = e.getProblemMark() == null ? 2 : e.getProblemMark().getLine() + 2;
+            int column = e.getProblemMark() == null ? 1 : e.getProblemMark().getColumn() + 1;
+            throw error("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML", line, column,
+                    "Invalid SKILL.md frontmatter: " + safeProblem(e), e);
+        } catch (YAMLException e) {
+            throw error("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML", 2, 1,
+                    "Invalid SKILL.md frontmatter: " + safeProblem(e), e);
         }
-        return value;
     }
 
-    private static boolean isBlank(Object value) {
+    /**
-        return value == null || value.toString().isBlank();
+     * 将有序 frontmatter 与 Markdown 正文确定性序列化为 SKILL.md。
+     *
+     * @param values frontmatter 有序键值
+     * @param markdownBody Markdown 正文
+     * @return 完整 SKILL.md
+     * @throws SkillValidationException frontmatter 包含不安全类型
+     */
+    public static String serialize(Map<String, Object> values, String markdownBody) {
+        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> safeValues = copyStringMap(
+                values == null ? Map.of() : values, 0, SkillPackageLimits.defaults().getMaxYamlDepth());
+        DumperOptions dumperOptions = new DumperOptions();
+        dumperOptions.setAllowUnicode(true);
+        dumperOptions.setDefaultFlowStyle(DumperOptions.FlowStyle.BLOCK);
+        dumperOptions.setDefaultScalarStyle(DumperOptions.ScalarStyle.PLAIN);
+        dumperOptions.setIndent(2);
+        dumperOptions.setIndicatorIndent(0);
+        dumperOptions.setPrettyFlow(true);
+        dumperOptions.setSplitLines(false);
+        dumperOptions.setWidth(4_096);
+        dumperOptions.setLineBreak(DumperOptions.LineBreak.UNIX);
+        dumperOptions.setDereferenceAliases(true);
+
+        LoaderOptions loaderOptions = new LoaderOptions();
+        loaderOptions.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+        Representer representer = new Representer(dumperOptions);
+        representer.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
+        Yaml yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(loaderOptions), representer, dumperOptions, loaderOptions);
+        String yamlContent = yaml.dump(safeValues);
+        String body = markdownBody == null ? "" : markdownBody;
+        return "---\n" + yamlContent + "---\n" + body;
+    }
+
+    private static FrontmatterSections split(String content) {
+        int yamlStart;
+        if (content.startsWith("---\n")) {
+            yamlStart = 4;
+        } else if (content.startsWith("---\r\n")) {
+            yamlStart = 5;
+        } else {
+            throw error("FRONTMATTER_START_REQUIRED", 1, 1,
+                    "SKILL.md must start with a frontmatter delimiter.", null);
+        }
+
+        int lineStart = yamlStart;
+        while (lineStart <= content.length()) {
+            int lineEnd = content.indexOf('\n', lineStart);
+            int contentEnd = lineEnd < 0 ? content.length() : lineEnd;
+            String line = content.substring(lineStart, contentEnd);
+            if (line.endsWith("\r")) {
+                line = line.substring(0, line.length() - 1);
+            }
+            if ("---".equals(line)) {
+                int bodyStart = lineEnd < 0 ? content.length() : lineEnd + 1;
+                return new FrontmatterSections(content.substring(yamlStart, lineStart),
+                        content.substring(bodyStart));
+            }
+            if (lineEnd < 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+            lineStart = lineEnd + 1;
+        }
+        throw error("FRONTMATTER_NOT_CLOSED", 1, 1,
+                "SKILL.md frontmatter is not closed.", null);
+    }
+
+    private static LinkedHashMap<String, Object> copyStringMap(Map<?, ?> source, int depth, int maxDepth) {
+        if (depth > maxDepth) {
+            throw error("YAML_DEPTH_LIMIT", 2, 1,
+                    "SKILL.md frontmatter exceeds the YAML nesting depth limit.", null);
+        }
+        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> target = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : source.entrySet()) {
+            if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key) || key.isBlank()) {
+                throw error("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_KEY", 2, 1,
+                        "SKILL.md frontmatter keys must be non-blank strings.", null);
+            }
+            target.put(key, copyValue(entry.getValue(), depth + 1, maxDepth));
+        }
+        return target;
+    }
+
+    private static Object copyValue(Object value, int depth, int maxDepth) {
+        if (value == null || value instanceof String || value instanceof Boolean || value instanceof Number) {
+            return value;
+        }
+        if (value instanceof Date date) {
+            return new Date(date.getTime());
+        }
+        if (value instanceof Map<?, ?> map) {
+            return copyStringMap(map, depth, maxDepth);
+        }
+        if (value instanceof List<?> list) {
+            if (depth > maxDepth) {
+                throw error("YAML_DEPTH_LIMIT", 2, 1,
+                        "SKILL.md frontmatter exceeds the YAML nesting depth limit.", null);
+            }
+            List<Object> target = new ArrayList<>(list.size());
+            for (Object item : list) {
+                target.add(copyValue(item, depth + 1, maxDepth));
+            }
+            return target;
+        }
+        throw error("UNSUPPORTED_FRONTMATTER_TYPE", 2, 1,
+                "Unsupported SKILL.md frontmatter value type: " + value.getClass().getName(), null);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isStandardTag(Tag tag) {
+        return tag != null && ALLOWED_TAGS.contains(tag);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 收集顶层 frontmatter key 在完整 SKILL.md 中的一基位置。
+     *
+     * @param rootNode YAML 根节点
+     * @return 按源码顺序排列的字段位置
+     */
+    private static Map<String, SkillSourceLocation> collectTopLevelLocations(Node rootNode) {
+        LinkedHashMap<String, SkillSourceLocation> locations = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        if (!(rootNode instanceof MappingNode mappingNode)) {
+            return locations;
+        }
+        for (NodeTuple tuple : mappingNode.getValue()) {
+            if (!(tuple.getKeyNode() instanceof ScalarNode scalarNode)
+                    || scalarNode.getStartMark() == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            locations.putIfAbsent(scalarNode.getValue(), new SkillSourceLocation(
+                    scalarNode.getStartMark().getLine() + 2,
+                    scalarNode.getStartMark().getColumn() + 1));
+        }
+        return locations;
+    }
+
+    private static void requireCoreField(Map<String, Object> values, String key) {
+        Object value = values.get(key);
+        if (value == null || value.toString().isBlank()) {
+            throw error("MISSING_" + key.toUpperCase(), 2, 1,
+                    "SKILL.md frontmatter " + key + " is required.", null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String safeProblem(Exception exception) {
+        String message = exception.getMessage();
+        if (message == null || message.isBlank()) {
+            return exception.getClass().getSimpleName();
+        }
+        int lineBreak = message.indexOf('\n');
+        return lineBreak < 0 ? message : message.substring(0, lineBreak);
+    }
+
+    private static SkillValidationException error(String code, Integer line, Integer column,
+                                                  String message, Throwable cause) {
+        return new SkillValidationException(code, DOCUMENT_PATH, line, column, message, cause);
+    }
+
+    private record FrontmatterSections(String yaml, String body) {
     }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillHashes.java

@@ -32,16 +32,34 @@ public final class SkillHashes {
      * @return 十六进制 hash
      */
     public static String sha256Hex(byte[] bytes) {
+        return toHex(newSha256Digest().digest(bytes == null ? new byte[0] : bytes));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建新的 SHA-256 摘要器。
+     *
+     * @return SHA-256 摘要器
+     */
+    public static MessageDigest newSha256Digest() {
         try {
-            MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance(SHA_256);
+            return MessageDigest.getInstance(SHA_256);
-            byte[] hashed = digest.digest(bytes == null ? new byte[0] : bytes);
-            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(hashed.length * 2);
-            for (byte item : hashed) {
-                builder.append(String.format("%02x", item));
-            }
-            return builder.toString();
         } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
             throw new SkillException("SHA-256 algorithm is unavailable.", e);
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 将字节转为小写十六进制文本。
+     *
+     * @param bytes 原始字节
+     * @return 小写十六进制文本
+     */
+    public static String toHex(byte[] bytes) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 2);
+        for (byte item : bytes) {
+            builder.append(Character.forDigit((item >>> 4) & 0x0F, 16));
+            builder.append(Character.forDigit(item & 0x0F, 16));
+        }
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillPaths.java

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.util;
 
 import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
 
+import java.text.Normalizer;
 import java.util.Locale;
 
 /**
@@ -29,6 +30,11 @@ public final class SkillPaths {
      */
     public static final String ASSETS_DIR = "assets";
 
+    /**
+     * example 顶级目录。
+     */
+    public static final String EXAMPLES_DIR = "examples";
+
     private SkillPaths() {
     }
 
@@ -42,17 +48,17 @@ public final class SkillPaths {
         if (path == null) {
             throw new SkillValidationException("Skill path is required.");
         }
-        String normalized = path.replace('\\', '/').trim();
+        if (containsControlCharacter(path)) {
-        while (normalized.startsWith("./")) {
+            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill path contains a control character.");
-            normalized = normalized.substring(2);
         }
+        String normalized = Normalizer.normalize(path.replace('\\', '/'), Normalizer.Form.NFC);
         if (normalized.isEmpty()) {
             throw new SkillValidationException("Skill path cannot be empty.");
         }
         if (normalized.startsWith("/") || normalized.matches("^[A-Za-z]:.*")) {
             throw new SkillValidationException("Absolute skill path is not allowed: " + path);
         }
-        String[] segments = normalized.split("/");
+        String[] segments = normalized.split("/", -1);
         for (String segment : segments) {
             if (segment.isEmpty() || ".".equals(segment) || "..".equals(segment)) {
                 throw new SkillValidationException("Unsafe skill path is not allowed: " + path);
@@ -60,10 +66,33 @@ public final class SkillPaths {
             if (segment.startsWith(".")) {
                 throw new SkillValidationException("Hidden skill path is not allowed: " + path);
             }
+            if (!segment.equals(segment.strip())) {
+                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill path segments cannot have surrounding whitespace: " + path);
+            }
         }
         return normalized;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 生成大小写不敏感的路径冲突键。
+     *
+     * @param path 逻辑路径
+     * @return 路径冲突键
+     */
+    public static String collisionKey(String path) {
+        return normalize(path).toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取路径段数量。
+     *
+     * @param path 逻辑路径
+     * @return 路径深度
+     */
+    public static int depth(String path) {
+        return normalize(path).split("/", -1).length;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取一级目录或文件名。
      *
@@ -115,4 +144,15 @@ public final class SkillPaths {
                 || normalized.endsWith("/.DS_Store")
                 || ".DS_Store".equals(normalized);
     }
+
+    private static boolean containsControlCharacter(String path) {
+        for (int index = 0; index < path.length(); index++) {
+            char character = path.charAt(index);
+            if (character <= 0x1F || character == 0x7F
+                    || Character.getType(character) == Character.FORMAT) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillResources.java

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.util;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.Skill;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillAsset;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillMetadata;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillReference;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResource;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResourceKind;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillScript;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillScriptLanguage;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * 通用 Skill 资源与旧资源视图之间的兼容适配工具。
+ */
+public final class SkillResources {
+
+    private static final Set<String> TEXT_EXTENSIONS = Set.of(
+            ".md", ".markdown", ".txt", ".json", ".yaml", ".yml", ".xml", ".csv", ".tsv",
+            ".htm", ".html", ".css", ".properties", ".toml", ".ini", ".sql", ".java", ".kt", ".kts",
+            ".py", ".js", ".mjs", ".cjs", ".ts", ".tsx", ".jsx", ".sh", ".bash", ".zsh",
+            ".rb", ".go", ".rs", ".c", ".h", ".cpp", ".hpp", ".gradle", ".groovy"
+    );
+
+    private SkillResources() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 根据顶层目录识别资源语义类型。
+     *
+     * @param path Skill 根目录相对路径
+     * @return 资源语义类型
+     */
+    public static SkillResourceKind classify(String path) {
+        String topDirectory = SkillPaths.firstSegment(path);
+        return switch (topDirectory) {
+            case SkillPaths.REFERENCES_DIR -> SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE;
+            case SkillPaths.SCRIPTS_DIR -> SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT;
+            case SkillPaths.ASSETS_DIR -> SkillResourceKind.ASSET;
+            case SkillPaths.EXAMPLES_DIR -> SkillResourceKind.EXAMPLE;
+            default -> SkillResourceKind.OTHER;
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断资源是否应按严格 UTF-8 文本处理。
+     *
+     * @param path 资源路径
+     * @param kind 资源语义类型
+     * @param mediaType 媒体类型
+     * @return 文本资源时为 true
+     */
+    public static boolean isText(String path, SkillResourceKind kind, String mediaType) {
+        if (kind == SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (kind == SkillResourceKind.ASSET) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (mediaType != null && (mediaType.startsWith("text/")
+                || mediaType.contains("json") || mediaType.contains("yaml")
+                || mediaType.contains("xml") || mediaType.contains("javascript"))) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String lowerPath = path.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        return TEXT_EXTENSIONS.stream().anyMatch(lowerPath::endsWith);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 Skill 的正式通用资源；旧模型会被按需转换。
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @return 通用资源副本
+     */
+    public static List<SkillResource> canonicalResources(Skill skill) {
+        if (skill == null) {
+            return new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+        return new ArrayList<>(skill.getResources());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将尚未迁移的旧 references、scripts、assets 视图转换为正式通用资源。
+     *
+     * <p>该方法只读取旧视图，不读取或修改正式资源列表，由 {@link Skill#getResources()}
+     * 在第一次正式访问时完成一次性迁移。</p>
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @return 从旧视图转换得到的通用资源副本
+     */
+    public static List<SkillResource> fromLegacyViews(Skill skill) {
+        List<SkillResource> resources = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (skill == null) {
+            return resources;
+        }
+        if (skill.getReferences() != null) {
+            for (SkillReference reference : skill.getReferences()) {
+                SkillResource resource = base(reference.getPath(), SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE,
+                        "text/markdown", reference.getContentHash(), reference.getSize(), reference.getMetadata());
+                resource.setTextContent(reference.getContent());
+                resources.add(resource);
+            }
+        }
+        if (skill.getScripts() != null) {
+            for (SkillScript script : skill.getScripts()) {
+                SkillResource resource = base(script.getPath(), SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT,
+                        "text/plain", script.getContentHash(), script.getSize(), script.getMetadata());
+                resource.setTextContent(script.getContent());
+                resources.add(resource);
+            }
+        }
+        if (skill.getAssets() != null) {
+            for (SkillAsset asset : skill.getAssets()) {
+                SkillResource resource = base(asset.getPath(), SkillResourceKind.ASSET,
+                        asset.getMediaType(), asset.getContentHash(), asset.getSize(), asset.getMetadata());
+                resource.setContentRef(asset.getContentRef());
+                resources.add(resource);
+            }
+        }
+        return resources;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 依据通用资源刷新旧 references、scripts、assets 兼容视图。
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     */
+    public static void refreshLegacyViews(Skill skill) {
+        List<SkillReference> references = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<SkillScript> scripts = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<SkillAsset> assets = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (SkillResource resource : skill.getResources()) {
+            if (resource.getKind() == SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE && resource.isText()) {
+                SkillReference reference = new SkillReference();
+                reference.setPath(resource.getPath());
+                reference.setName(SkillPaths.fileName(resource.getPath()));
+                reference.setContent(resource.getTextContent());
+                reference.setContentHash(resource.getContentHash());
+                reference.setSize(resource.getSize());
+                reference.setMetadata(copy(resource.getMetadata()));
+                references.add(reference);
+            } else if (resource.getKind() == SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT && resource.isText()) {
+                SkillScript script = new SkillScript();
+                script.setPath(resource.getPath());
+                script.setLanguage(SkillScriptLanguage.fromPath(resource.getPath()));
+                script.setContent(resource.getTextContent());
+                script.setContentHash(resource.getContentHash());
+                script.setSize(resource.getSize());
+                script.setMetadata(copy(resource.getMetadata()));
+                scripts.add(script);
+            } else if (resource.getKind() == SkillResourceKind.ASSET) {
+                SkillAsset asset = new SkillAsset();
+                asset.setPath(resource.getPath());
+                asset.setName(SkillPaths.fileName(resource.getPath()));
+                asset.setMediaType(resource.getMediaType());
+                asset.setContentRef(resource.getContentRef());
+                asset.setContentHash(resource.getContentHash());
+                asset.setSize(resource.getSize());
+                asset.setMetadata(copy(resource.getMetadata()));
+                assets.add(asset);
+            }
+        }
+        skill.setReferences(references);
+        skill.setScripts(scripts);
+        skill.setAssets(assets);
+    }
+
+    private static SkillResource base(String path, SkillResourceKind kind, String mediaType,
+                                      String hash, long size, SkillMetadata metadata) {
+        SkillResource resource = new SkillResource();
+        resource.setPath(path);
+        resource.setKind(kind);
+        resource.setMediaType(mediaType);
+        resource.setContentHash(hash);
+        resource.setSize(size);
+        resource.setMetadata(copy(metadata));
+        return resource;
+    }
+
+    private static SkillMetadata copy(SkillMetadata metadata) {
+        return metadata == null ? new SkillMetadata() : new SkillMetadata(metadata.getValues());
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillUtf8.java

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.util;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
+import java.nio.charset.CharsetEncoder;
+import java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 文本的严格 UTF-8 编码工具。
+ */
+public final class SkillUtf8 {
+
+    private SkillUtf8() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 严格编码文本，拒绝孤立 surrogate 等非法 UTF-16 输入。
+     *
+     * @param text 待编码文本
+     * @return UTF-8 字节
+     * @throws CharacterCodingException 文本不能无损编码为 UTF-8
+     */
+    public static byte[] encode(String text) throws CharacterCodingException {
+        ByteBuffer encoded = newEncoder().encode(CharBuffer.wrap(
+                Objects.requireNonNull(text, "text")));
+        byte[] bytes = new byte[encoded.remaining()];
+        encoded.get(bytes);
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 严格计算文本的 UTF-8 字节数。
+     *
+     * @param text 待计算文本
+     * @return UTF-8 字节数
+     * @throws CharacterCodingException 文本不能无损编码为 UTF-8
+     */
+    public static long byteLength(String text) throws CharacterCodingException {
+        return newEncoder().encode(CharBuffer.wrap(
+                Objects.requireNonNull(text, "text"))).remaining();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建拒绝替换非法输入的 UTF-8 编码器。
+     *
+     * @return 严格 UTF-8 编码器
+     */
+    private static CharsetEncoder newEncoder() {
+        return StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newEncoder()
+                .onMalformedInput(CodingErrorAction.REPORT)
+                .onUnmappableCharacter(CodingErrorAction.REPORT);
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/SkillValidationIssue.java

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.validation;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * 可定位的 Skill 校验问题。
+ */
+public final class SkillValidationIssue implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private final String code;
+    private final SkillValidationSeverity severity;
+    private final String path;
+    private final Integer line;
+    private final Integer column;
+    private final String message;
+    private final String suggestion;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建 Skill 校验问题。
+     *
+     * @param code 稳定问题码
+     * @param severity 严重级别
+     * @param path 文件路径
+     * @param line 一基行号
+     * @param column 一基列号
+     * @param message 问题说明
+     * @param suggestion 修复建议
+     */
+    public SkillValidationIssue(String code, SkillValidationSeverity severity, String path,
+                                Integer line, Integer column, String message, String suggestion) {
+        this.code = Objects.requireNonNull(code, "code");
+        this.severity = Objects.requireNonNull(severity, "severity");
+        this.path = path;
+        this.line = line;
+        this.column = column;
+        this.message = Objects.requireNonNull(message, "message");
+        this.suggestion = suggestion;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 稳定问题码 */
+    public String getCode() {
+        return code;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 严重级别 */
+    public SkillValidationSeverity getSeverity() {
+        return severity;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 文件路径 */
+    public String getPath() {
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 一基行号 */
+    public Integer getLine() {
+        return line;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 一基列号 */
+    public Integer getColumn() {
+        return column;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 问题说明 */
+    public String getMessage() {
+        return message;
+    }
+
+    /** @return 修复建议 */
+    public String getSuggestion() {
+        return suggestion;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/SkillValidationMode.java

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.validation;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 标准校验模式。
+ */
+public enum SkillValidationMode {
+
+    /**
+     * 兼容历史包进入草稿；可修复的兼容问题以 warning 返回。
+     */
+    DRAFT_IMPORT,
+
+    /**
+     * 正式新建、发布与标准导出；所有标准互操作约束均严格执行。
+     */
+    STANDARD
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/SkillValidationReport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.validation;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+
+import java.io.Serial;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 结构化校验报告。
+ */
+public final class SkillValidationReport implements Serializable {
+
+    @Serial
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private final List<SkillValidationIssue> issues = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    /**
+     * 添加校验问题。
+     *
+     * @param issue 校验问题
+     * @return 当前报告
+     */
+    public SkillValidationReport add(SkillValidationIssue issue) {
+        if (issue != null) {
+            issues.add(issue);
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 合并其他报告。
+     *
+     * @param report 其他报告
+     * @return 当前报告
+     */
+    public SkillValidationReport merge(SkillValidationReport report) {
+        if (report != null) {
+            issues.addAll(report.issues);
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取不可变问题列表。
+     *
+     * @return 问题列表
+     */
+    public List<SkillValidationIssue> getIssues() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(issues);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断是否存在错误。
+     *
+     * @return 存在 ERROR 时为 true
+     */
+    public boolean hasErrors() {
+        return issues.stream().anyMatch(issue -> issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断报告是否为空。
+     *
+     * @return 没有问题时为 true
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return issues.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 错误存在时抛出包含完整报告的异常。
+     *
+     * @throws SkillValidationException 校验报告包含错误
+     */
+    public void throwIfInvalid() {
+        if (hasErrors()) {
+            SkillValidationIssue first = issues.stream()
+                    .filter(issue -> issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR)
+                    .findFirst()
+                    .orElseThrow();
+            throw new SkillValidationException(first.getCode(), first.getPath(), first.getLine(),
+                    first.getColumn(), first.getMessage(), null, this);
+        }
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/SkillValidationSeverity.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.validation;
+
+/**
+ * Skill 校验问题严重级别。
+ */
+public enum SkillValidationSeverity {
+
+    /** 阻止导入确认、标准导出或发布。 */
+    ERROR,
+
+    /** 允许进入草稿但需要用户处理。 */
+    WARNING,
+
+    /** 不影响操作的信息提示。 */
+    INFO
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/SkillValidator.java

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.validation;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
 import com.easyagents.skill.model.Skill;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
 
 /**
  * Skill 校验接口。
@@ -13,4 +15,51 @@ public interface SkillValidator {
      * @param skill Skill 聚合
      */
     void validate(Skill skill);
+
+    /**
+     * 聚合校验 Skill 并返回结构化报告。
+     *
+     * <p>兼容默认实现会把旧命令式异常转换为单个错误；新实现应覆盖以返回全部问题。</p>
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @return 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    default SkillValidationReport validateReport(Skill skill) {
+        SkillValidationReport report = new SkillValidationReport();
+        try {
+            validate(skill);
+        } catch (SkillValidationException e) {
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue(e.getCode(), SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR, e.getPath(),
+                    e.getLine(), e.getColumn(), e.getMessage(), null));
+        }
+        return report;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用当前 Codec 操作的安全限额聚合校验 Skill。
+     *
+     * <p>兼容实现默认委托给原有校验入口；需要检查包限额的实现应覆盖本方法。</p>
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @param limits 当前读写操作的安全限额
+     * @return 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    default SkillValidationReport validateReport(Skill skill, SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        return validateReport(skill);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用指定标准模式和当前 Codec 安全限额聚合校验 Skill。
+     *
+     * <p>兼容实现默认忽略模式；需要区分草稿导入与正式标准约束的实现应覆盖本方法。</p>
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @param limits 当前读写操作的安全限额
+     * @param mode 标准校验模式
+     * @return 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    default SkillValidationReport validateReport(Skill skill, SkillPackageLimits limits,
+                                                 SkillValidationMode mode) {
+        return validateReport(skill, limits);
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/main/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/defaults/DefaultSkillValidator.java

@@ -1,156 +1,528 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.validation.defaults;
 
 import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
-import com.easyagents.skill.model.*;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.Skill;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillDocument;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResource;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResourceKind;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillScriptLanguage;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillSourceLocation;
 import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillFrontmatter;
 import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillHashes;
 import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillPaths;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillResources;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillUtf8;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationIssue;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationMode;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationReport;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationSeverity;
 import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidator;
 
-import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 /**
- * 默认 Skill 聚合校验器。
+ * 默认 Skill 聚合结构化校验器。
  */
 public class DefaultSkillValidator implements SkillValidator {
 
+    private static final Pattern CANONICAL_NAME = Pattern.compile("[a-z0-9]+(?:-[a-z0-9]+)*");
+    private static final Pattern LEGACY_UNDERSCORE_NAME = Pattern.compile("[a-z0-9]+(?:_[a-z0-9]+)+");
+    private static final Pattern SHA_256 = Pattern.compile("[a-f0-9]{64}");
+
+    private final SkillPackageLimits limits;
+
     /**
-     * 校验 Skill 聚合。
+     * 使用默认安全限额创建校验器。
+     */
+    public DefaultSkillValidator() {
+        this(SkillPackageLimits.defaults());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用指定安全限额创建校验器。
+     *
+     * @param limits 安全限额
+     */
+    public DefaultSkillValidator(SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        this.limits = limits == null ? SkillPackageLimits.defaults() : limits;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 校验 Skill 聚合，存在错误时抛出包含完整报告的异常。
      *
      * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @throws SkillValidationException 校验失败
      */
     @Override
     public void validate(Skill skill) {
+        validateReport(skill, limits, SkillValidationMode.STANDARD).throwIfInvalid();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 聚合校验 Skill。
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @return 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    @Override
+    public SkillValidationReport validateReport(Skill skill) {
+        return validateReport(skill, limits);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用当前 Codec 操作的安全限额聚合校验 Skill。
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @param operationLimits 当前读写操作的安全限额
+     * @return 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    @Override
+    public SkillValidationReport validateReport(Skill skill, SkillPackageLimits operationLimits) {
+        return validateReport(skill, operationLimits, SkillValidationMode.DRAFT_IMPORT);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 使用指定标准模式和当前操作限额聚合校验 Skill。
+     *
+     * @param skill Skill 聚合
+     * @param operationLimits 当前读写操作的安全限额
+     * @param mode 标准校验模式
+     * @return 结构化校验报告
+     */
+    @Override
+    public SkillValidationReport validateReport(Skill skill, SkillPackageLimits operationLimits,
+                                                SkillValidationMode mode) {
+        SkillPackageLimits effectiveLimits = operationLimits == null ? limits : operationLimits;
+        SkillValidationMode effectiveMode = mode == null
+                ? SkillValidationMode.DRAFT_IMPORT : mode;
+        SkillValidationReport report = new SkillValidationReport();
         if (skill == null) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill is required.");
+            return report.add(error("SKILL_REQUIRED", null, "Skill is required.", null));
         }
-        requireText(skill.getId(), "Skill id is required.");
-        requireText(skill.getName(), "Skill name is required.");
-        requireText(skill.getDescription(), "Skill description is required.");
-        requireText(skill.getSkillContent(), "SKILL.md content is required.");
-        validateSkillFrontmatter(skill);
 
-        Set<String> paths = new HashSet<>();
+        SkillDocument document = parseDocument(skill, report, effectiveLimits);
-        paths.add(SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE);
+        validateName(skill, document, report, effectiveMode);
-        validateReferences(skill.getReferences(), paths);
+        validateDescription(skill, document, report);
-        validateScripts(skill.getScripts(), paths);
+        if (document != null) {
-        validateAssets(skill.getAssets(), paths);
+            validateDocument(skill, document, report);
+        }
+        List<SkillResource> resources = SkillResources.canonicalResources(skill);
+        validateAggregateLimits(skill, resources, report, effectiveLimits);
+        validateResources(skill.getName(), resources, report, effectiveLimits);
+        return report;
     }
 
-    private static void validateReferences(List<SkillReference> references, Set<String> paths) {
+    private static void validateName(Skill skill, SkillDocument document,
-        if (references == null) {
+                                     SkillValidationReport report, SkillValidationMode mode) {
+        SkillSourceLocation location = sourceLocation(document, "name");
+        String name = skill.getName();
+        if (isBlank(name)) {
+            report.add(errorAt("NAME_REQUIRED", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, location, "Skill name is required.",
+                    "Set frontmatter name to a portable Skill name."));
             return;
         }
-        for (SkillReference reference : references) {
+        if (name.length() > 64) {
-            if (reference == null) {
+            report.add(errorAt("NAME_TOO_LONG", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, location,
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill reference cannot be null.");
+                    "Skill name cannot exceed 64 characters.", "Shorten the frontmatter name."));
-            }
+        } else if (LEGACY_UNDERSCORE_NAME.matcher(name).matches()) {
-            String path = validateFilePath(reference.getPath(), SkillPaths.REFERENCES_DIR, paths);
+            SkillValidationSeverity severity = mode == SkillValidationMode.STANDARD
-            if (!SkillPaths.hasExtension(path, ".md")) {
+                    ? SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR : SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING;
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill reference must be a markdown file: " + path);
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue("NON_CANONICAL_NAME", severity,
-            }
+                    SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, line(location), column(location),
-            requireContent(reference.getContent(), "Skill reference content is required: " + path);
+                    mode == SkillValidationMode.STANDARD
-            validateTextHash(path, reference.getContent(), reference.getContentHash());
+                            ? "Standard Skill name must use hyphens instead of underscores: " + name
-            validateSize(reference.getSize(), path);
+                            : "Legacy underscore Skill name is accepted only for draft import: " + name,
+                    "Replace underscores with single hyphens before publishing or standard export."));
+        } else if (!CANONICAL_NAME.matcher(name).matches()) {
+            report.add(errorAt("INVALID_NAME", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, location,
+                    "Skill name must use lowercase letters, numbers, and single hyphens.",
+                    "Use a name such as data-analysis."));
+        }
+        if (!isBlank(skill.getPackageRoot()) && !name.equals(skill.getPackageRoot())) {
+            report.add(errorAt("ROOT_NAME_MISMATCH", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, location,
+                    "Skill package directory must match frontmatter name.",
+                    "Rename the package directory or update frontmatter name."));
         }
     }
 
-    private static void validateScripts(List<SkillScript> scripts, Set<String> paths) {
+    private static void validateDescription(Skill skill, SkillDocument document,
-        if (scripts == null) {
+                                            SkillValidationReport report) {
-            return;
+        SkillSourceLocation location = sourceLocation(document, "description");
-        }
+        if (isBlank(skill.getDescription())) {
-        for (SkillScript script : scripts) {
+            report.add(errorAt("DESCRIPTION_REQUIRED", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, location,
-            if (script == null) {
+                    "Skill description is required.", "Describe both the capability and when to use it."));
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill script cannot be null.");
+        } else if (skill.getDescription().length() > 1_024) {
-            }
+            report.add(errorAt("DESCRIPTION_TOO_LONG", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, location,
-            String path = validateFilePath(script.getPath(), SkillPaths.SCRIPTS_DIR, paths);
+                    "Skill description cannot exceed 1024 characters.", "Shorten the description."));
-            if (SkillScriptLanguage.fromPath(path) == SkillScriptLanguage.UNKNOWN) {
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Unsupported skill script extension: " + path);
-            }
-            if (script.getLanguage() == SkillScriptLanguage.UNKNOWN
-                    || script.getLanguage() != SkillScriptLanguage.fromPath(path)) {
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill script language does not match path: " + path);
-            }
-            requireContent(script.getContent(), "Skill script content is required: " + path);
-            validateTextHash(path, script.getContent(), script.getContentHash());
-            validateSize(script.getSize(), path);
         }
     }
 
-    private static void validateAssets(List<SkillAsset> assets, Set<String> paths) {
+    private static SkillDocument parseDocument(Skill skill, SkillValidationReport report,
-        if (assets == null) {
+                                               SkillPackageLimits limits) {
-            return;
+        if (isBlank(skill.getSkillContent())) {
+            report.add(error("SKILL_CONTENT_REQUIRED", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
+                    "SKILL.md content is required.", null));
+            return null;
         }
-        for (SkillAsset asset : assets) {
+        try {
-            if (asset == null) {
+            return SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(skill.getSkillContent(), limits);
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill asset cannot be null.");
+        } catch (SkillValidationException e) {
-            }
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue(e.getCode(), SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR, e.getPath(),
-            String path = validateFilePath(asset.getPath(), SkillPaths.ASSETS_DIR, paths);
+                    e.getLine(), e.getColumn(), e.getMessage(), "Fix the YAML frontmatter and retry."));
-            requireText(asset.getName(), "Skill asset name is required: " + path);
+            return null;
-            requireText(asset.getMediaType(), "Skill asset media type is required: " + path);
-            requireText(asset.getContentRef(), "Skill asset content ref is required: " + path);
-            requireText(asset.getContentHash(), "Skill asset content hash is required: " + path);
-            if (!asset.getContentRef().equals("sha256:" + asset.getContentHash())) {
-                throw new SkillValidationException("Skill asset content ref does not match hash: " + path);
-            }
-            validateSize(asset.getSize(), path);
         }
     }
 
-    private static void validateSkillFrontmatter(Skill skill) {
+    private static void validateDocument(Skill skill, SkillDocument document, SkillValidationReport report) {
-        Map<String, Object> values = SkillFrontmatter.parse(skill.getSkillContent());
+        Map<String, Object> values = document.getFrontmatter().getValues();
-        if (!skill.getName().equals(values.get("name").toString())) {
+        validateCoreString(document, values, "name", skill.getName(), report);
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill name must match SKILL.md frontmatter.");
+        validateCoreString(document, values, "description", skill.getDescription(), report);
-        }
+        validateOptionalString(document, values, "license", null, report);
-        if (!skill.getDescription().equals(values.get("description").toString())) {
+        Object compatibility = values.get("compatibility");
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill description must match SKILL.md frontmatter.");
+        if (compatibility != null && (!(compatibility instanceof String text)
+                || text.isBlank() || text.length() > 500)) {
+            report.add(errorAt("INVALID_COMPATIBILITY", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
+                    sourceLocation(document, "compatibility"),
+                    "Frontmatter compatibility must be a non-blank string of at most 500 characters.", null));
         }
+        validateOptionalString(document, values, "allowed-tools", "INVALID_ALLOWED_TOOLS", report);
+        validateMetadataField(document, values.get("metadata"), report);
         if (skill.getMetadata() == null || !skill.getMetadata().getValues().equals(values)) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill metadata must match SKILL.md frontmatter.");
+            report.add(errorAt("METADATA_MISMATCH", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
+                    sourceLocation(document, "name"),
+                    "Skill metadata must match SKILL.md frontmatter.",
+                    "Reparse SKILL.md before saving the aggregate."));
+        }
+        if (document.getMarkdownBody().length() > 30_000) {
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue("LONG_SKILL_BODY", SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING,
+                    SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, null, null,
+                    "SKILL.md body is large and may reduce progressive-disclosure efficiency.",
+                    "Move detailed material into references/."));
         }
     }
 
-    private static String validateFilePath(String path, String expectedTopDir, Set<String> paths) {
+    private static void validateCoreString(SkillDocument document, Map<String, Object> values,
-        String normalized = SkillPaths.normalize(path);
+                                           String key, String expected,
-        if (!expectedTopDir.equals(SkillPaths.firstSegment(normalized))) {
+                                           SkillValidationReport report) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill file must be under " + expectedTopDir + "/: " + normalized);
+        Object value = values.get(key);
-        }
+        if (!(value instanceof String text) || text.isBlank()) {
-        if (normalized.indexOf('/') < 0 || normalized.endsWith("/")) {
+            report.add(errorAt(key.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT) + "_REQUIRED", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill file path must include file name: " + normalized);
+                    sourceLocation(document, key),
-        }
+                    "SKILL.md frontmatter " + key + " must be a non-blank string.", null));
-        if (!paths.add(normalized)) {
+        } else if (!text.equals(expected)) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Duplicate skill file path: " + normalized);
+            report.add(errorAt(key.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT) + "_MISMATCH", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
-        }
+                    sourceLocation(document, key),
-        return normalized;
+                    "Skill " + key + " must match SKILL.md frontmatter.", null));
-    }
-
-    private static void validateTextHash(String path, String content, String contentHash) {
-        requireText(contentHash, "Skill file content hash is required: " + path);
-        String actualHash = SkillHashes.sha256Hex(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
-        if (!actualHash.equals(contentHash)) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill file content hash does not match: " + path);
         }
     }
 
-    private static void validateSize(long size, String path) {
+    private static void validateOptionalString(SkillDocument document, Map<String, Object> values,
-        if (size < 0) {
+                                               String key, String code,
-            throw new SkillValidationException("Skill file size cannot be negative: " + path);
+                                               SkillValidationReport report) {
+        Object value = values.get(key);
+        if (value != null && (!(value instanceof String text) || text.isBlank())) {
+            report.add(errorAt(code == null ? "INVALID_" + key.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT) : code,
+                    SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE, sourceLocation(document, key),
+                    "Frontmatter " + key + " must be a non-blank string when provided.", null));
         }
     }
 
-    private static void requireText(String value, String message) {
+    private static void validateMetadataField(SkillDocument document, Object metadata,
-        if (value == null || value.isBlank()) {
+                                              SkillValidationReport report) {
-            throw new SkillValidationException(message);
+        if (metadata == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!(metadata instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) {
+            report.add(errorAt("INVALID_METADATA", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
+                    sourceLocation(document, "metadata"),
+                    "Frontmatter metadata must be a mapping.", null));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (map.values().stream().anyMatch(value -> !(value instanceof String))) {
+            SkillSourceLocation location = sourceLocation(document, "metadata");
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue("NON_STANDARD_METADATA",
+                    SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING, SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
+                    line(location), column(location),
+                    "Nested or non-string metadata is preserved for AgentScope compatibility.",
+                    "Use string values only for strict Agent Skills interoperability."));
         }
     }
 
-    private static void requireContent(String value, String message) {
+    private static void validateResources(String skillName, List<SkillResource> resources,
-        if (value == null) {
+                                          SkillValidationReport report,
-            throw new SkillValidationException(message);
+                                          SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        Set<String> exactPaths = new HashSet<>();
+        Map<String, String> collisionPaths = new HashMap<>();
+        Map<String, String> descendantPaths = new HashMap<>();
+        exactPaths.add(SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE);
+        collisionPaths.put(SkillPaths.collisionKey(SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE), SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE);
+        for (SkillResource resource : resources) {
+            if (resource == null) {
+                report.add(error("NULL_RESOURCE", null, "Skill resource cannot be null.", null));
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (isBlank(resource.getPath())) {
+                report.add(error("RESOURCE_PATH_REQUIRED", null,
+                        "Skill resource path is required.",
+                        "Set a safe relative path inside the Skill package."));
+                continue;
+            }
+            try {
+                SkillUtf8.encode(resource.getPath());
+            } catch (CharacterCodingException e) {
+                report.add(error("INVALID_UTF8_PATH", resource.getPath(),
+                        "Skill resource path must be losslessly encodable as UTF-8.",
+                        "Remove malformed UTF-16 surrogate code units from the path."));
+                continue;
+            }
+            String path;
+            try {
+                path = SkillPaths.normalize(resource.getPath());
+            } catch (SkillValidationException e) {
+                report.add(error("UNSAFE_RESOURCE_PATH", resource.getPath(), e.getMessage(), null));
+                continue;
+            }
+            String portablePath = isBlank(skillName) ? path : skillName + "/" + path;
+            if (portablePath.length() > limits.getMaxPathLength()) {
+                report.add(error("PATH_LENGTH_LIMIT", path,
+                        "Skill resource path exceeds the configured length limit.", null));
+            }
+            if (SkillPaths.depth(portablePath) > limits.getMaxPathDepth()) {
+                report.add(error("PATH_DEPTH_LIMIT", path,
+                        "Skill resource path exceeds the configured depth limit.", null));
+            }
+            if (!path.equals(resource.getPath())) {
+                report.add(error("NON_NORMALIZED_PATH", path,
+                        "Skill resource path must already be normalized.", null));
+            }
+            if (!exactPaths.add(path)) {
+                report.add(error("DUPLICATE_RESOURCE_PATH", path,
+                        "Duplicate Skill resource path: " + path, null));
+                continue;
+            }
+            String collisionKey = SkillPaths.collisionKey(path);
+            String conflicting = collisionPaths.get(collisionKey);
+            if (conflicting != null) {
+                report.add(error("RESOURCE_PATH_COLLISION", path,
+                        "Skill resource path conflicts with " + conflicting + ".", null));
+                continue;
+            }
+            String hierarchyConflict = findHierarchyConflict(collisionKey, collisionPaths, descendantPaths);
+            if (hierarchyConflict != null) {
+                report.add(error("RESOURCE_PATH_HIERARCHY_CONFLICT", path,
+                        "Skill resource path conflicts with file " + hierarchyConflict
+                                + " in the same path hierarchy.", null));
+                continue;
+            }
+            collisionPaths.put(collisionKey, path);
+            indexDescendantPath(collisionKey, path, descendantPaths);
+            SkillResourceKind expectedKind = SkillResources.classify(path);
+            if (resource.getKind() != expectedKind) {
+                report.add(error("RESOURCE_KIND_MISMATCH", path,
+                        "Skill resource kind does not match its path.", null));
+            }
+            validateResourceContent(resource, path, report, limits);
         }
     }
+
+    private static void validateResourceContent(SkillResource resource, String path,
+                                                SkillValidationReport report, SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        boolean expectedText = SkillResources.isText(path, resource.getKind(), resource.getMediaType());
+        if (expectedText != resource.isText()) {
+            String code = resource.getKind() == SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT
+                    ? "SCRIPT_TEXT_REQUIRED" : "RESOURCE_CONTENT_MODE_MISMATCH";
+            report.add(error(code, path,
+                    expectedText
+                            ? "Resource path and media type require strict UTF-8 text content."
+                            : "Resource path and media type require a binary content reference.",
+                    "Store the resource using the canonical text or binary representation."));
+        }
+        if (resource.getKind() == SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT && resource.isText() && resource.getSize() == 0) {
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue("EMPTY_SCRIPT", SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING,
+                    path, null, null, "Script resource is empty.",
+                    "Add script source or remove the unused file."));
+        }
+        if (resource.getKind() == SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT
+                && SkillScriptLanguage.fromPath(path) == SkillScriptLanguage.UNKNOWN) {
+            report.add(new SkillValidationIssue("SCRIPT_LANGUAGE_UNRECOGNIZED",
+                    SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING, path, null, null,
+                    "Script language is not recognized from its extension.",
+                    "Use .py, .js, or .sh for first-class editing and syntax highlighting."));
+        }
+        if (isBlank(resource.getMediaType())) {
+            report.add(error("MEDIA_TYPE_REQUIRED", path, "Skill resource media type is required.", null));
+        }
+        if (resource.getSize() < 0) {
+            report.add(error("NEGATIVE_RESOURCE_SIZE", path,
+                    "Skill resource size cannot be negative.", null));
+        }
+        byte[] textBytes = null;
+        if (resource.isText()) {
+            try {
+                textBytes = SkillUtf8.encode(resource.getTextContent());
+            } catch (CharacterCodingException e) {
+                report.add(error("INVALID_UTF8", path,
+                        "Text Skill resource must be losslessly encodable as UTF-8.",
+                        "Remove malformed UTF-16 surrogate code units."));
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        if (isBlank(resource.getContentHash()) || !SHA_256.matcher(resource.getContentHash()).matches()) {
+            report.add(error("INVALID_RESOURCE_HASH", path,
+                    "Skill resource SHA-256 is required and must be lowercase hexadecimal.", null));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (resource.isText()) {
+            if (resource.getSize() > limits.getMaxTextFileBytes()) {
+                report.add(error("TEXT_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT", path,
+                        "Text Skill resource exceeds the configured size limit.", null));
+            }
+            if (resource.getContentRef() != null) {
+                report.add(error("AMBIGUOUS_RESOURCE_CONTENT", path,
+                        "Text resources cannot also contain a binary content reference.", null));
+            }
+            if (resource.getSize() != textBytes.length) {
+                report.add(error("RESOURCE_SIZE_MISMATCH", path,
+                        "Skill resource size does not match UTF-8 content.", null));
+            }
+            if (!resource.getContentHash().equals(SkillHashes.sha256Hex(textBytes))) {
+                report.add(error("RESOURCE_HASH_MISMATCH", path,
+                        "Skill resource hash does not match text content.", null));
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (resource.getSize() > limits.getMaxBinaryFileBytes()) {
+                report.add(error("BINARY_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT", path,
+                        "Binary Skill resource exceeds the configured size limit.", null));
+            }
+            if (isBlank(resource.getContentRef())) {
+                report.add(error("CONTENT_REF_REQUIRED", path,
+                        "Binary Skill resource content reference is required.", null));
+            } else if (!resource.getContentRef().equals("sha256:" + resource.getContentHash())) {
+                report.add(error("CONTENT_REF_MISMATCH", path,
+                        "Binary Skill resource content reference must match its SHA-256.", null));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void validateAggregateLimits(Skill skill, List<SkillResource> resources,
+                                                SkillValidationReport report, SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        if (!isBlank(skill.getName())) {
+            String skillPath = skill.getName() + "/" + SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE;
+            if (skillPath.length() > limits.getMaxPathLength()) {
+                report.add(error("PATH_LENGTH_LIMIT", skillPath,
+                        "Skill entry path exceeds the configured length limit.", null));
+            }
+            if (SkillPaths.depth(skillPath) > limits.getMaxPathDepth()) {
+                report.add(error("PATH_DEPTH_LIMIT", skillPath,
+                        "Skill entry path exceeds the configured depth limit.", null));
+            }
+        }
+        if (resources.size() + 1 > limits.getMaxEntryCount()) {
+            report.add(error("ENTRY_COUNT_LIMIT", null,
+                    "Skill contains too many files.", null));
+        }
+        long total = 0;
+        if (skill.getSkillContent() != null) {
+            try {
+                total = SkillUtf8.byteLength(skill.getSkillContent());
+            } catch (CharacterCodingException ignored) {
+                // parseDocument 已返回可定位的 INVALID_UTF8；非法文本不参与后续大小计算。
+            }
+        }
+        if (total > limits.getMaxTextFileBytes()) {
+            report.add(error("TEXT_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT", SkillPaths.SKILL_FILE,
+                    "SKILL.md exceeds the configured size limit.", null));
+        }
+        for (SkillResource resource : resources) {
+            if (resource == null || resource.getSize() < 0) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            try {
+                total = Math.addExact(total, resource.getSize());
+            } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
+                total = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+            }
+            if (total > limits.getMaxTotalUncompressedBytes()) {
+                report.add(error("TOTAL_SIZE_LIMIT", resource.getPath(),
+                        "Skill resources exceed the configured total size limit.", null));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查找当前文件路径与已索引文件之间的祖先或后代冲突。
+     *
+     * @param pathKey 当前路径冲突键
+     * @param filePaths 已索引的文件路径
+     * @param descendantPaths 已索引路径对应的首个后代文件
+     * @return 冲突文件路径，不存在时返回 null
+     */
+    private static String findHierarchyConflict(String pathKey, Map<String, String> filePaths,
+                                                Map<String, String> descendantPaths) {
+        String descendant = descendantPaths.get(pathKey);
+        if (descendant != null) {
+            return descendant;
+        }
+        int separator = pathKey.indexOf('/');
+        while (separator >= 0) {
+            String ancestor = filePaths.get(pathKey.substring(0, separator));
+            if (ancestor != null) {
+                return ancestor;
+            }
+            separator = pathKey.indexOf('/', separator + 1);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 为文件路径的每个祖先建立后代索引，以常量时间识别反向插入冲突。
+     *
+     * @param pathKey 文件路径冲突键
+     * @param path 原始文件路径
+     * @param descendantPaths 后代索引
+     */
+    private static void indexDescendantPath(String pathKey, String path,
+                                            Map<String, String> descendantPaths) {
+        int separator = pathKey.indexOf('/');
+        while (separator >= 0) {
+            descendantPaths.putIfAbsent(pathKey.substring(0, separator), path);
+            separator = pathKey.indexOf('/', separator + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static SkillValidationIssue error(String code, String path, String message, String suggestion) {
+        return new SkillValidationIssue(code, SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR, path, null, null,
+                message, suggestion);
+    }
+
+    private static SkillValidationIssue errorAt(String code, String path, SkillSourceLocation location,
+                                                String message, String suggestion) {
+        return new SkillValidationIssue(code, SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR, path,
+                line(location), column(location), message, suggestion);
+    }
+
+    private static SkillSourceLocation sourceLocation(SkillDocument document, String key) {
+        return document == null ? null : document.getFrontmatterLocation(key);
+    }
+
+    private static Integer line(SkillSourceLocation location) {
+        return location == null ? null : location.getLine();
+    }
+
+    private static Integer column(SkillSourceLocation location) {
+        return location == null ? null : location.getColumn();
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isBlank(String value) {
+        return value == null || value.isBlank();
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillMetadataTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * SkillMetadata 防御性复制与键约束测试。
+ */
+public class SkillMetadataTest {
+
+    /**
+     * 嵌套 Map/List 在读写边界上执行防御性复制。
+     */
+    @Test
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void deeplyCopiesNestedValues() {
+        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> nested = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        nested.put("items", new java.util.ArrayList<>(List.of("a")));
+        SkillMetadata metadata = new SkillMetadata(Map.of("nested", nested));
+
+        Map<String, Object> read = metadata.getValues();
+        ((Map<String, Object>) read.get("nested")).put("changed", true);
+
+        Assert.assertNull(((Map<?, ?>) metadata.get("nested")).get("changed"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 空白键写入会显式失败。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectBlankKey() {
+        new SkillMetadata().put(" ", "value");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 嵌套非字符串键会显式失败且不会静默转换。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
+    public void rejectNestedNonStringKey() {
+        Map nested = new LinkedHashMap();
+        nested.put(1, "number");
+        new SkillMetadata(Map.of("nested", nested));
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/model/SkillPackageLimitsTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.model;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * SkillPackageLimits 硬上限测试。
+ */
+public class SkillPackageLimitsTest {
+
+    /**
+     * 调用方不能关闭或突破底层 entry 硬上限。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectEntryCountAboveHardLimit() {
+        SkillPackageLimits.builder().maxEntryCount(10_001).build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 单文件限制不能大于总未压缩限制。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectSingleFileLimitAboveTotalLimit() {
+        SkillPackageLimits.builder()
+                .maxTextFileBytes(200)
+                .maxBinaryFileBytes(200)
+                .maxTotalUncompressedBytes(100)
+                .build();
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/repository/memory/InMemorySkillRepositoryTest.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.repository.memory;
 import com.easyagents.skill.model.Skill;
 import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillDescriptor;
 import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillReference;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillResources;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
@@ -66,6 +67,40 @@ public class InMemorySkillRepositoryTest {
         Assert.assertEquals("# A", reloaded.getReferences().get(0).getContent());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 仓储复制旧资源对象时应先迁移正式资源，不能因空 canonical 列表丢失 reference。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void repositoryCopyMigratesLegacyOnlyResources() {
+        InMemorySkillRepository repository = new InMemorySkillRepository();
+        Skill legacy = skill();
+        Assert.assertFalse(legacy.isResourcesInitialized());
+
+        repository.save(legacy);
+        Skill loaded = repository.get("skill-a").orElseThrow();
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(loaded.isResourcesInitialized());
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, SkillResources.canonicalResources(loaded).size());
+        Assert.assertEquals("references/a.md", loaded.getResources().get(0).getPath());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 显式清空正式资源列表后，仓储往返不得从旧兼容视图恢复已删除资源。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void repositoryCopyPreservesExplicitlyEmptyCanonicalResources() {
+        InMemorySkillRepository repository = new InMemorySkillRepository();
+        Skill skill = skill();
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, skill.getResources().size());
+        skill.getResources().clear();
+
+        repository.save(skill);
+        Skill loaded = repository.get("skill-a").orElseThrow();
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(loaded.isResourcesInitialized());
+        Assert.assertTrue(SkillResources.canonicalResources(loaded).isEmpty());
+    }
+
     private static Skill skill() {
         Skill skill = new Skill();
         skill.setId("skill-a");

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/store/file/TemporaryFileSkillContentStoreTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.store.file;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.codec.ZipSkillPackageCodec;
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillException;
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStage;
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStore;
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.memory.InMemorySkillContentStore;
+import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillHashes;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+/**
+ * {@link TemporaryFileSkillContentStore} 流式存储与生命周期测试。
+ */
+public class TemporaryFileSkillContentStoreTest {
+
+    /**
+     * 暂存、提交、回滚、去重与引用计数均由磁盘文件驱动。
+     *
+     * @throws Exception 文件操作失败时抛出
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void stageCommitRollbackAndReferenceCountingAreFileBacked() throws Exception {
+        Path parent = Files.createTempDirectory("skill-content-store-test-");
+        TemporaryFileSkillContentStore store = new TemporaryFileSkillContentStore(parent);
+        Path storageDirectory = store.storageDirectory();
+        byte[] content = "file-backed-content".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        try {
+            SkillContentStage rolledBack = store.stage(
+                    new ByteArrayInputStream(content), content.length);
+            Assert.assertFalse(store.exists(rolledBack.getContentRef()));
+            Assert.assertEquals(1, countRegularFiles(storageDirectory.resolve("staged")));
+
+            store.rollback(rolledBack);
+            Assert.assertEquals(0, countRegularFiles(storageDirectory.resolve("staged")));
+
+            SkillContentStage firstStage = store.stage(
+                    new ByteArrayInputStream(content), content.length);
+            SkillContentStage secondStage = store.stage(
+                    new ByteArrayInputStream(content), content.length);
+            String firstRef = store.commit(firstStage);
+            String secondRef = store.commit(secondStage);
+
+            Assert.assertEquals(firstRef, secondRef);
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.exists(firstRef));
+            Assert.assertEquals(0, countRegularFiles(storageDirectory.resolve("staged")));
+            Assert.assertEquals(1, countRegularFiles(storageDirectory.resolve("content")));
+
+            store.release(firstRef);
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.exists(secondRef));
+            store.retain(secondRef);
+            store.release(secondRef);
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.exists(secondRef));
+            store.release(secondRef);
+
+            Assert.assertFalse(store.exists(secondRef));
+            Assert.assertEquals(0, countRegularFiles(storageDirectory.resolve("content")));
+        } finally {
+            store.close();
+            Assert.assertFalse(Files.exists(storageDirectory));
+            Assert.assertTrue(Files.exists(parent));
+            Files.deleteIfExists(parent);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 已打开的流持有读取租约，最后一个正式引用释放后等待流关闭再删除文件。
+     *
+     * @throws Exception 文件读取失败时抛出
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void openStreamDefersPhysicalDeletionUntilReaderCloses() throws Exception {
+        Path parent = Files.createTempDirectory("skill-content-reader-test-");
+        try (TemporaryFileSkillContentStore store = new TemporaryFileSkillContentStore(parent)) {
+            Path contentDirectory = store.storageDirectory().resolve("content");
+            byte[] content = "leased-content".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            String contentRef = store.put(content);
+            InputStream input = store.open(contentRef);
+
+            store.release(contentRef);
+            Assert.assertFalse(store.exists(contentRef));
+            Assert.assertEquals(1, countRegularFiles(contentDirectory));
+            Assert.assertArrayEquals(content, input.readAllBytes());
+
+            input.close();
+            Assert.assertEquals(0, countRegularFiles(contentDirectory));
+
+            String pendingRef = store.put(content);
+            InputStream pendingReader = store.open(pendingRef);
+            store.release(pendingRef);
+            String revivedRef = store.put(content);
+            Assert.assertEquals(pendingRef, revivedRef);
+
+            pendingReader.close();
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.exists(revivedRef));
+            Assert.assertEquals(1, countRegularFiles(contentDirectory));
+            store.release(revivedRef);
+            Assert.assertEquals(0, countRegularFiles(contentDirectory));
+        } finally {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(parent);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 大内容按流写入并受字节上限约束，存储实现及内部状态不持有 byte[] 字段。
+     *
+     * @throws Exception 文件操作失败时抛出
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void largeContentIsStreamedWithoutByteArrayState() throws Exception {
+        assertNoByteArrayFields(TemporaryFileSkillContentStore.class);
+        long contentSize = 2L * 1024 * 1024 + 37;
+        Path parent = Files.createTempDirectory("skill-content-stream-test-");
+        try (TemporaryFileSkillContentStore store = new TemporaryFileSkillContentStore(parent)) {
+            SkillContentStage stage = store.stage(new RepeatingInputStream(contentSize), contentSize);
+            Assert.assertEquals(contentSize, stage.getSize());
+            String contentRef = store.commit(stage);
+
+            MessageDigest digest = SkillHashes.newSha256Digest();
+            long copied = 0;
+            try (InputStream input = store.open(contentRef)) {
+                byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
+                int length;
+                while ((length = input.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
+                    if (length == 0) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    digest.update(buffer, 0, length);
+                    copied += length;
+                }
+            }
+            Assert.assertEquals(contentSize, copied);
+            Assert.assertEquals(stage.getContentHash(), SkillHashes.toHex(digest.digest()));
+
+            assertLimitExceeded(store, contentSize - 1);
+            Assert.assertEquals(0,
+                    countRegularFiles(store.storageDirectory().resolve("staged")));
+            store.release(contentRef);
+        } finally {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(parent);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 无参 ZIP Codec 使用自有临时文件 Store，注入 Store 仍由调用方管理。
+     *
+     * @throws Exception 反射或文件操作失败时抛出
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void defaultCodecOwnsTemporaryStoreWhileInjectedStoreRemainsExternal()
+            throws Exception {
+        Field contentStoreField = ZipSkillPackageCodec.class.getDeclaredField("contentStore");
+        contentStoreField.setAccessible(true);
+
+        ZipSkillPackageCodec defaultCodec = new ZipSkillPackageCodec();
+        SkillContentStore defaultStore = (SkillContentStore) contentStoreField.get(defaultCodec);
+        Assert.assertTrue(defaultStore instanceof TemporaryFileSkillContentStore);
+        Assert.assertFalse(defaultStore instanceof InMemorySkillContentStore);
+        Path defaultDirectory = ((TemporaryFileSkillContentStore) defaultStore).storageDirectory();
+        defaultCodec.close();
+        Assert.assertFalse(Files.exists(defaultDirectory));
+
+        Path parent = Files.createTempDirectory("skill-codec-external-store-test-");
+        TemporaryFileSkillContentStore injectedStore = new TemporaryFileSkillContentStore(parent);
+        try {
+            ZipSkillPackageCodec injectedCodec = new ZipSkillPackageCodec(injectedStore);
+            injectedCodec.close();
+            String contentRef = injectedStore.put("still-open".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            Assert.assertTrue(injectedStore.exists(contentRef));
+            injectedStore.release(contentRef);
+        } finally {
+            injectedStore.close();
+            Files.deleteIfExists(parent);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 显式关闭后清理暂存文件并拒绝新的写入。
+     *
+     * @throws Exception 文件操作失败时抛出
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void closeCleansStagesAndRejectsFurtherOperations() throws Exception {
+        Path parent = Files.createTempDirectory("skill-content-close-test-");
+        TemporaryFileSkillContentStore store = new TemporaryFileSkillContentStore(parent);
+        Path storageDirectory = store.storageDirectory();
+        store.stage(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[]{1, 2, 3}), 3);
+
+        store.close();
+        store.close();
+
+        Assert.assertFalse(Files.exists(storageDirectory));
+        try {
+            store.stage(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]), 0);
+            Assert.fail("Closed store should reject new stages.");
+        } catch (SkillException expected) {
+            Assert.assertTrue(expected.getMessage().contains("closed"));
+        } finally {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(parent);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void assertLimitExceeded(TemporaryFileSkillContentStore store, long maxBytes) {
+        try {
+            store.stage(new RepeatingInputStream(maxBytes + 1), maxBytes);
+            Assert.fail("Content above the limit should be rejected.");
+        } catch (SkillException expected) {
+            Assert.assertTrue(expected.getMessage().contains("exceeds"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void assertNoByteArrayFields(Class<?> rootType) {
+        List<Class<?>> types = new ArrayList<>();
+        types.add(rootType);
+        for (int index = 0; index < types.size(); index++) {
+            Class<?> type = types.get(index);
+            for (Field field : type.getDeclaredFields()) {
+                Assert.assertNotEquals(type.getName() + " must not retain byte[] field "
+                        + field.getName(), byte[].class, field.getType());
+            }
+            for (Class<?> nestedType : type.getDeclaredClasses()) {
+                types.add(nestedType);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static long countRegularFiles(Path directory) throws IOException {
+        try (Stream<Path> paths = Files.list(directory)) {
+            return paths.filter(Files::isRegularFile).count();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class RepeatingInputStream extends InputStream {
+
+        private final long length;
+        private long position;
+
+        private RepeatingInputStream(long length) {
+            this.length = length;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int read() {
+            if (position >= length) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+            return (int) (position++ & 0xFF);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int read(byte[] bytes, int offset, int requestedLength) {
+            if (position >= length) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+            int actualLength = (int) Math.min(requestedLength, length - position);
+            for (int index = 0; index < actualLength; index++) {
+                bytes[offset + index] = (byte) ((position + index) & 0xFF);
+            }
+            position += actualLength;
+            return actualLength;
+        }
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/store/memory/InMemorySkillContentStoreTest.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.easyagents.skill.store.memory;
 
+import com.easyagents.skill.store.SkillContentStage;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
@@ -43,4 +44,40 @@ public class InMemorySkillContentStoreTest {
             Assert.assertArrayEquals(bytes, inputStream.readAllBytes());
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 暂存内容在 commit 前不可见，rollback 后不残留。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void stageCommitAndRollback() {
+        InMemorySkillContentStore store = new InMemorySkillContentStore();
+        byte[] bytes = "abc".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+
+        SkillContentStage rolledBack = store.stage(new java.io.ByteArrayInputStream(bytes), bytes.length);
+        Assert.assertFalse(store.exists(rolledBack.getContentRef()));
+        store.rollback(rolledBack);
+        Assert.assertFalse(store.exists(rolledBack.getContentRef()));
+
+        SkillContentStage committed = store.stage(new java.io.ByteArrayInputStream(bytes), bytes.length);
+        String contentRef = store.commit(committed);
+        Assert.assertTrue(store.exists(contentRef));
+        Assert.assertArrayEquals(bytes, store.readAllBytes(contentRef));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 相同内容按引用计数释放，归零后删除。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void releaseDeletesOnlyAfterReferenceCountReachesZero() {
+        InMemorySkillContentStore store = new InMemorySkillContentStore();
+        byte[] bytes = "abc".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+
+        String first = store.put(bytes);
+        String second = store.put(bytes);
+        store.release(first);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(store.exists(second));
+        store.release(second);
+        Assert.assertFalse(store.exists(second));
+    }
 }

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillFrontmatterTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.util;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillDocument;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * SkillFrontmatter 安全解析与 round-trip 测试。
+ */
+public class SkillFrontmatterTest {
+
+    /**
+     * 嵌套结构、未知字段和插入顺序在序列化后保持语义。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void nestedMetadataRoundTrips() {
+        String content = "---\nname: nested-skill\ndescription: Handles nested values\n"
+                + "enabled: true\ncount: 3\nnullable: null\n"
+                + "metadata:\n  owner: team-a\n  tags:\n    - one\n    - two\n"
+                + "---\n# Nested\n";
+
+        SkillDocument first = SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(content);
+        String serialized = SkillFrontmatter.serialize(first.getFrontmatter().getValues(), first.getMarkdownBody());
+        SkillDocument second = SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(serialized);
+
+        Assert.assertEquals(first.getFrontmatter().getValues(), second.getFrontmatter().getValues());
+        Assert.assertEquals(first.getMarkdownBody(), second.getMarkdownBody());
+        Assert.assertEquals(List.of("name", "description", "enabled", "count", "nullable", "metadata"),
+                second.getFrontmatter().getValues().keySet().stream().toList());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 未编辑文档原样返回，结构化编辑后重新生成合法文档。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void preserveRawUntilEdited() {
+        String content = "---\r\nname: raw-skill\r\ndescription: Keep source\r\n---\r\n# Raw\r\n";
+        SkillDocument document = SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(content);
+
+        Assert.assertEquals(content, document.render());
+
+        document.putFrontmatter("metadata", Map.of("level", 2));
+        Assert.assertNotEquals(content, document.render());
+        SkillDocument parsed = SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(document.render());
+        Assert.assertEquals("# Raw\r\n", parsed.getMarkdownBody());
+        Assert.assertTrue(parsed.getFrontmatter().get("metadata") instanceof Map);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 顶层字段保留完整 SKILL.md 中的一基源码位置，结构化修改后移除失效位置。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void retainTopLevelSourceLocationsUntilFieldEdited() {
+        String content = "---\nname: located-skill\ndescription: Keep positions\n"
+                + "metadata:\n  owner: team-a\n---\n# Located\n";
+
+        SkillDocument document = SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(content);
+
+        Assert.assertEquals(2, document.getFrontmatterLocation("name").getLine());
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, document.getFrontmatterLocation("name").getColumn());
+        Assert.assertEquals(3, document.getFrontmatterLocation("description").getLine());
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, document.getFrontmatterLocation("description").getColumn());
+        Assert.assertEquals(4, document.getFrontmatterLocation("metadata").getLine());
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, document.getFrontmatterLocation("metadata").getColumn());
+        Assert.assertTrue(document.getDiagnostics().isEmpty());
+
+        document.putFrontmatter("description", "Updated description");
+
+        Assert.assertNull(document.getFrontmatterLocation("description"));
+        Assert.assertNotNull(document.getFrontmatterLocation("name"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 重复 key 被安全构造器拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectDuplicateKeys() {
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML",
+                "---\nname: duplicate-skill\nname: other\ndescription: Duplicate\n---\n");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 自定义危险 tag 被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectCustomTag() {
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML",
+                "---\nname: tagged-skill\ndescription: Tagged\nvalue: !java/object test\n---\n");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * yaml.org 前缀下不在白名单中的 core tag 也被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectDisallowedYamlOrgTag() {
+        assertCode("UNSUPPORTED_FRONTMATTER_TYPE",
+                "---\nname: binary-skill\ndescription: Binary tag\nvalue: !!binary YWJj\n---\n");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 未知 yaml.org 全局 tag 被 TagInspector 拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectUnknownYamlOrgTag() {
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML",
+                "---\nname: unknown-skill\ndescription: Unknown tag\nvalue: !!unknown test\n---\n");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 非 Map 顶层 YAML 被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectNonMapRoot() {
+        assertCode("FRONTMATTER_ROOT_NOT_MAP", "---\n- one\n- two\n---\n");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 嵌套 Map 的非字符串 key 被拒绝且不做静默字符串化。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectNestedNonStringKey() {
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_KEY",
+                "---\nname: key-skill\ndescription: Invalid key\nmetadata:\n  1: value\n---\n");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 可配置 frontmatter 字节上限生效。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectOversizedFrontmatter() {
+        SkillPackageLimits limits = SkillPackageLimits.builder().maxFrontmatterBytes(64).build();
+        try {
+            SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument("---\nname: large-skill\ndescription: " + "x".repeat(80)
+                    + "\n---\n", limits);
+            Assert.fail("Oversized frontmatter should fail.");
+        } catch (SkillValidationException e) {
+            Assert.assertEquals("FRONTMATTER_TOO_LARGE", e.getCode());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * YAML collection alias 上限生效。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectAliasLimit() {
+        String content = "---\nname: alias-skill\ndescription: Alias limit\n"
+                + "base: &base\n  - one\naliases:\n  - *base\n  - *base\n---\n";
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML", content,
+                SkillPackageLimits.builder().maxYamlAliases(1).build());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * YAML 嵌套深度上限生效。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectDepthLimit() {
+        String content = "---\nname: depth-skill\ndescription: Depth limit\n"
+                + "metadata:\n  one:\n    two:\n      three: value\n---\n";
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML", content,
+                SkillPackageLimits.builder().maxYamlDepth(3).build());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * YAML code point 上限生效。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectCodePointLimit() {
+        String content = "---\nname: codepoint-skill\ndescription: " + "x".repeat(100) + "\n---\n";
+        assertCode("INVALID_FRONTMATTER_YAML", content,
+                SkillPackageLimits.builder().maxYamlCodePoints(64).build());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 未闭合 frontmatter 返回稳定错误码。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectUnclosedFrontmatter() {
+        assertCode("FRONTMATTER_NOT_CLOSED",
+                "---\nname: unclosed-skill\ndescription: Unclosed\n");
+    }
+
+    private static void assertCode(String code, String content) {
+        assertCode(code, content, SkillPackageLimits.defaults());
+    }
+
+    private static void assertCode(String code, String content, SkillPackageLimits limits) {
+        try {
+            SkillFrontmatter.parseDocument(content, limits);
+            Assert.fail("Invalid frontmatter should fail.");
+        } catch (SkillValidationException e) {
+            Assert.assertEquals(code, e.getCode());
+        }
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillPathsTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.util;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * SkillPaths 安全规范化测试。
+ */
+public class SkillPathsTest {
+
+    /**
+     * 点路径段不能被静默剥离。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectLeadingDotSegment() {
+        SkillPaths.normalize("./references/a.md");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 双向文本控制字符被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectBidiFormatCharacter() {
+        SkillPaths.normalize("references/a\u202Etxt.md");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unicode 路径统一为 NFC。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void normalizeUnicodeToNfc() {
+        Assert.assertEquals("references/\u00e9.md", SkillPaths.normalize("references/e\u0301.md"));
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/util/SkillResourcesTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.util;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResourceKind;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * {@link SkillResources} 规范存储表示测试。
+ */
+public class SkillResourcesTest {
+
+    /**
+     * HTML 的短扩展名与长扩展名都应作为严格 UTF-8 文本处理。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void recognizeBothHtmlExtensionsAsText() {
+        Assert.assertTrue(SkillResources.isText(
+                "references/page.htm", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "application/octet-stream"));
+        Assert.assertTrue(SkillResources.isText(
+                "references/page.html", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "application/octet-stream"));
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/SkillValidationReportTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package com.easyagents.skill.validation;
+
+import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * {@link SkillValidationReport} 命令式异常契约测试。
+ */
+public class SkillValidationReportTest {
+
+    /**
+     * 验证异常 getter 暴露首个错误定位，同时保留包含全部问题的报告。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void throwIfInvalidKeepsFirstErrorLocationAndCompleteReport() {
+        SkillValidationReport report = new SkillValidationReport()
+                .add(new SkillValidationIssue("DRAFT_WARNING", SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING,
+                        "draft/SKILL.md", 1, 1, "草稿警告", null))
+                .add(new SkillValidationIssue("FIRST_ERROR", SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR,
+                        "demo/SKILL.md", 4, 7, "首个错误", "修复首个错误"))
+                .add(new SkillValidationIssue("SECOND_ERROR", SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR,
+                        "demo/scripts/run.sh", 2, 3, "第二个错误", null));
+
+        try {
+            report.throwIfInvalid();
+            Assert.fail("应抛出 SkillValidationException");
+        } catch (SkillValidationException exception) {
+            Assert.assertEquals("FIRST_ERROR", exception.getCode());
+            Assert.assertEquals("demo/SKILL.md", exception.getPath());
+            Assert.assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(4), exception.getLine());
+            Assert.assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(7), exception.getColumn());
+            Assert.assertSame(report, exception.getReport());
+            Assert.assertEquals(3, exception.getReport().getIssues().size());
+        }
+    }
+}

easy-agents-skill/src/test/java/com/easyagents/skill/validation/defaults/DefaultSkillValidatorTest.java

@@ -2,8 +2,15 @@ package com.easyagents.skill.validation.defaults;
 
 import com.easyagents.skill.exception.SkillValidationException;
 import com.easyagents.skill.factory.SkillFactory;
-import com.easyagents.skill.model.*;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.Skill;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResource;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillResourceKind;
+import com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillPackageLimits;
 import com.easyagents.skill.util.SkillHashes;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationReport;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationMode;
+import com.easyagents.skill.validation.SkillValidationSeverity;
+import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@@ -16,178 +23,385 @@ public class DefaultSkillValidatorTest {
     private final DefaultSkillValidator validator = new DefaultSkillValidator();
 
     /**
-     * 缺失 SKILL.md 内容时失败。
+     * 完整标准 Skill 校验通过。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectMissingSkillContent() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.setSkillContent(null);
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 缺失名称时失败。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectMissingName() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.setName("");
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 缺失描述时失败。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectMissingDescription() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.setDescription("");
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 字段名称必须与 SKILL.md frontmatter 一致。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectNameMismatchWithFrontmatter() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.setName("Changed");
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 元数据必须与 SKILL.md frontmatter 一致。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectMetadataMismatchWithFrontmatter() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.getMetadata().put("extra", "x");
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 拒绝嵌套 frontmatter。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectNestedFrontmatter() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.setSkillContent("---\nname: Skill A\ndescription: Desc A\nconfig:\n  mode: strict\n---\n# Skill A\n");
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 绝对路径失败。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectAbsolutePath() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        SkillReference reference = reference("/references/a.md", "# A");
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference);
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * ../ 路径失败。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectParentPath() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference("references/../a.md", "# A"));
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 重复路径失败。
-     */
-    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
-    public void rejectDuplicatePath() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference("references/a.md", "# A"));
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference("references/a.md", "# B"));
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 不因为文件大小较大而失败。
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void allowLargeRecordedSize() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        SkillReference reference = reference("references/a.md", "# A");
-        reference.setSize(Long.MAX_VALUE);
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference);
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 允许空内容文件，只校验 hash 和 size 记录。
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void allowEmptyReferenceAndScriptContent() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference("references/empty.md", ""));
-        skill.getScripts().add(script("scripts/empty.sh", ""));
-
-        validator.validate(skill);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 校验通过完整 Skill。
      */
     @Test
     public void validateCompleteSkill() {
-        Skill skill = validSkill();
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
-        skill.getReferences().add(reference("references/a.md", "# A"));
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
-        skill.getScripts().add(script("scripts/run.sh", "echo ok"));
+                textResource("references/a.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "# A"),
-        skill.getAssets().add(asset("assets/a.bin", "abc"));
+                textResource("scripts/run.sh", SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT, "echo ok"),
+                binaryResource("assets/a.bin", "abc")
+        ));
 
         validator.validate(skill);
     }
 
-    private static Skill validSkill() {
+    /**
-        return SkillFactory.create("skill-a", "---\nname: Skill A\ndescription: Desc A\n---\n# Skill A\n");
+     * 嵌套 Map、List、布尔和数字 frontmatter 可校验。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void allowNestedFrontmatter() {
+        String content = "---\nname: nested-skill\ndescription: Handles nested metadata\n"
+                + "metadata:\n  enabled: true\n  retries: 3\n  tags:\n    - alpha\n    - beta\n"
+                + "---\n# Nested\n";
+        Skill skill = SkillFactory.create("repository-id", content);
+
+        validator.validate(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(skill.getMetadata().get("metadata") instanceof java.util.Map);
     }
 
-    private static SkillReference reference(String path, String content) {
+    /**
-        SkillReference reference = new SkillReference();
+     * 结构化文档重新应用到聚合时同步 name、description 和 metadata。
-        reference.setPath(path);
+     */
-        reference.setName("a.md");
+    @Test
-        reference.setContent(content);
+    public void applyEditedDocumentToAggregate() {
-        reference.setContentHash(SkillHashes.sha256Hex(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
-        reference.setSize(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length);
+        com.easyagents.skill.model.SkillDocument document = skill.getDocument();
-        return reference;
+        document.putFrontmatter("description", "Updated description for the Skill");
+
+        skill.setDocument(document);
+
+        Assert.assertEquals("Updated description for the Skill", skill.getDescription());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Updated description for the Skill", skill.getMetadata().get("description"));
+        validator.validate(skill);
     }
 
-    private static SkillScript script(String path, String content) {
+    /**
-        SkillScript script = new SkillScript();
+     * 历史下划线名称只产生 warning。
-        script.setPath(path);
+     */
-        script.setLanguage(SkillScriptLanguage.fromPath(path));
+    @Test
-        script.setContent(content);
+    public void legacyUnderscoreNameProducesWarning() {
-        script.setContentHash(SkillHashes.sha256Hex(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+        Skill skill = validSkill("legacy_skill");
-        script.setSize(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length);
+
-        return script;
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertFalse(report.hasErrors());
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "NON_CANONICAL_NAME".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING));
     }
 
-    private static SkillAsset asset(String path, String content) {
+    /**
+     * 正式标准模式拒绝仅为草稿导入兼容的下划线名称。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void standardModeRejectsLegacyUnderscoreName() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("legacy_skill");
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(
+                skill, SkillPackageLimits.defaults(), SkillValidationMode.STANDARD);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "NON_CANONICAL_NAME".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 严格工厂入口执行正式标准名称校验。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void strictFactoryRejectsLegacyUnderscoreName() {
+        SkillFactory.createStrict("repository-id", skillMd("legacy_skill"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * AgentScope 嵌套 metadata 保真并标记标准兼容 warning。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void nestedMetadataProducesCompatibilityWarning() {
+        Skill skill = SkillFactory.create("id", "---\nname: metadata-skill\n"
+                + "description: Nested metadata compatibility\nmetadata:\n  provider:\n    enabled: true\n"
+                + "---\n# Metadata\n");
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertFalse(report.hasErrors());
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "NON_STANDARD_METADATA".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 标准可选字符串字段拒绝空值或非字符串。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectInvalidOptionalStandardFields() {
+        Skill skill = SkillFactory.create("id", "---\nname: optional-skill\n"
+                + "description: Invalid optional fields\nlicense: []\ncompatibility: ''\nallowed-tools:\n  - Read\n"
+                + "---\n# Optional\n");
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "INVALID_LICENSE".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && Integer.valueOf(4).equals(issue.getLine())
+                        && Integer.valueOf(1).equals(issue.getColumn())));
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "INVALID_COMPATIBILITY".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && Integer.valueOf(5).equals(issue.getLine())
+                        && Integer.valueOf(1).equals(issue.getColumn())));
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "INVALID_ALLOWED_TOOLS".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && Integer.valueOf(6).equals(issue.getLine())
+                        && Integer.valueOf(1).equals(issue.getColumn())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 非规范名称返回结构化错误。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectInvalidName() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("Invalid Name");
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.hasErrors());
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue -> "INVALID_NAME".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 名称与目录不一致时失败。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectRootNameMismatch() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setPackageRoot("other-skill");
+
+        validator.validate(skill);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 大小写冲突路径会被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectCaseConflictingResourcePaths() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource("references/A.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "A"),
+                textResource("references/a.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "B")
+        ));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "RESOURCE_PATH_COLLISION".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 文件资源不能同时作为另一个资源的祖先路径。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectFileAndDescendantResourcePaths() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource("references/a.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "descendant"),
+                textResource("references", SkillResourceKind.OTHER, "file")
+        ));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "RESOURCE_PATH_HIERARCHY_CONFLICT".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 路径穿越会被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectParentPath() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource("references/../a.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "A")));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "UNSAFE_RESOURCE_PATH".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 缺失资源路径必须形成结构化问题，并继续聚合其他资源错误。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void aggregateMissingPathWithOtherResourceErrors() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        SkillResource missingPath = textResource(
+                "references/missing.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "missing");
+        missingPath.setPath(null);
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                missingPath,
+                textResource("references/../escape.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "escape")));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "RESOURCE_PATH_REQUIRED".equals(issue.getCode()) && issue.getPath() == null));
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "UNSAFE_RESOURCE_PATH".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 文本资源 hash 和 size 必须与 UTF-8 内容一致。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectTextHashAndSizeMismatch() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        SkillResource resource = textResource("references/a.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "A");
+        resource.setContentHash("0".repeat(64));
+        resource.setSize(99);
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(resource));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "RESOURCE_HASH_MISMATCH".equals(issue.getCode())));
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "RESOURCE_SIZE_MISMATCH".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * scripts 目录只接受严格 UTF-8 文本表示，二进制引用必须被拒绝。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectBinaryScriptResource() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        SkillResource script = binaryResource("scripts/run.sh", "echo unsafe");
+        script.setKind(SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT);
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(script));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "SCRIPT_TEXT_REQUIRED".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.ERROR));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 资源的文本或二进制表示必须与统一路径和媒体类型判定一致。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void rejectNonCanonicalResourceContentMode() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        SkillResource textAsset = textResource("assets/readme.txt", SkillResourceKind.ASSET, "text asset");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(textAsset));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "RESOURCE_CONTENT_MODE_MISMATCH".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 空脚本允许保存在草稿中，但应返回可见 warning。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void warnForEmptyScriptResource() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource("scripts/run.py", SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT, "")));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertFalse(report.hasErrors());
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "EMPTY_SCRIPT".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 未识别脚本语言需要提示，但不能破坏外部标准 Skill 包的资源保真。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void warnForUnrecognizedScriptLanguageExtension() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource("scripts/run.txt", SkillResourceKind.SCRIPT, "echo ok")));
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertFalse(report.hasErrors());
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "SCRIPT_LANGUAGE_UNRECOGNIZED".equals(issue.getCode())
+                        && issue.getSeverity() == SkillValidationSeverity.WARNING));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 结构化校验器执行资源单文件安全限额。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void reportConfiguredResourceLimit() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource("references/a.md", SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "x".repeat(300))));
+        DefaultSkillValidator limitedValidator = new DefaultSkillValidator(
+                SkillPackageLimits.builder().maxTextFileBytes(128).build());
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = limitedValidator.validateReport(skill);
+
+        Assert.assertTrue(report.getIssues().stream().anyMatch(issue ->
+                "TEXT_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT".equals(issue.getCode())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 单次调用传入的限额优先于校验器构造时的默认限额。
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void operationLimitsOverrideValidatorDefaults() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        String path = "references/" + "a".repeat(520) + ".md";
+        skill.setResources(java.util.List.of(
+                textResource(path, SkillResourceKind.REFERENCE, "A")));
+        SkillPackageLimits operationLimits = SkillPackageLimits.builder()
+                .maxPathLength(600)
+                .build();
+
+        SkillValidationReport report = validator.validateReport(skill, operationLimits);
+
+        Assert.assertFalse(report.hasErrors());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 元数据与 SKILL.md 不一致时失败。
+     */
+    @Test(expected = SkillValidationException.class)
+    public void rejectMetadataMismatch() {
+        Skill skill = validSkill("skill-a");
+        skill.getMetadata().put("extra", "value");
+
+        validator.validate(skill);
+    }
+
+    private static Skill validSkill(String name) {
+        return SkillFactory.create("repository-id", skillMd(name));
+    }
+
+    private static String skillMd(String name) {
+        return "---\nname: " + name + "\ndescription: Use this Skill for validator tests\n---\n# Skill\n";
+    }
+
+    private static SkillResource textResource(String path, SkillResourceKind kind, String content) {
+        byte[] bytes = content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        SkillResource resource = new SkillResource();
+        resource.setPath(path);
+        resource.setKind(kind);
+        resource.setMediaType("text/markdown");
+        resource.setTextContent(content);
+        resource.setContentHash(SkillHashes.sha256Hex(bytes));
+        resource.setSize(bytes.length);
+        return resource;
+    }
+
+    private static SkillResource binaryResource(String path, String content) {
         byte[] bytes = content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
         String hash = SkillHashes.sha256Hex(bytes);
-        SkillAsset asset = new SkillAsset();
+        SkillResource resource = new SkillResource();
-        asset.setPath(path);
+        resource.setPath(path);
-        asset.setName("a.bin");
+        resource.setKind(SkillResourceKind.ASSET);
-        asset.setMediaType("application/octet-stream");
+        resource.setMediaType("application/octet-stream");
-        asset.setContentRef("sha256:" + hash);
+        resource.setContentRef("sha256:" + hash);
-        asset.setContentHash(hash);
+        resource.setContentHash(hash);
-        asset.setSize(bytes.length);
+        resource.setSize(bytes.length);
-        return asset;
+        return resource;
     }
 }

pom.xml

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
         <kotlin.version>1.8.22</kotlin.version>
         <opentelemetry.version>1.51.0</opentelemetry.version>
         <agentscope.version>1.0.12</agentscope.version>
+        <snakeyaml.version>2.6</snakeyaml.version>
+        <commons-compress.version>1.28.0</commons-compress.version>
     </properties>
 
 
@@ -114,6 +116,18 @@
                 <version>${junit.version}</version>
             </dependency>
 
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
+                <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
+                <version>${snakeyaml.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+                <artifactId>commons-compress</artifactId>
+                <version>${commons-compress.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
             <!--easy-agents dependency management-->
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>com.easyagents</groupId>