perf: 复用 Milvus 客户端连接池

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/pom.xml

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>io.milvus</groupId>
             <artifactId>milvus-sdk-java</artifactId>
-            <version>2.4.1</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/src/main/java/com/easyagents/store/milvus/MilvusClientManager.java

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 2023-2026, Easy-Agents (fuhai999@gmail.com).
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ */
+package com.easyagents.store.milvus;
+
+import com.easyagents.core.util.StringUtil;
+import io.milvus.pool.MilvusClientV2Pool;
+import io.milvus.pool.PoolConfig;
+import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
+import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
+
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+/**
+ * Shared Milvus client pool and collection state.
+ */
+public class MilvusClientManager implements AutoCloseable {
+
+    private static final String POOL_KEY = "default";
+
+    private final ReentrantReadWriteLock lifecycleLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+    private final Set<String> initializedCollections =
+        Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<String>());
+    private final Set<String> loadedCollections =
+        Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<String>());
+    private volatile ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool pool;
+    private volatile String poolFingerprint;
+    private volatile boolean closed;
+
+    public MilvusClientManager(MilvusVectorStoreConfig config) {
+        PoolSettings settings = PoolSettings.from(config);
+        this.pool = createPool(settings);
+        this.poolFingerprint = fingerprint(settings);
+    }
+
+    private static ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool createPool(PoolSettings settings) {
+        ConnectConfig connectConfig = buildConnectConfig(settings);
+        PoolConfig poolConfig = PoolConfig.builder()
+            .maxTotal(settings.poolMaxTotal())
+            .maxTotalPerKey(settings.poolMaxTotalPerKey())
+            .maxIdlePerKey(settings.poolMaxIdlePerKey())
+            .minIdlePerKey(settings.poolMinIdlePerKey())
+            .blockWhenExhausted(true)
+            .maxBlockWaitDuration(Duration.ofMillis(settings.poolMaxWaitMillis()))
+            .evictionPollingInterval(Duration.ofMillis(settings.poolEvictionIntervalMillis()))
+            .minEvictableIdleDuration(Duration.ofMillis(settings.poolMinEvictableIdleMillis()))
+            .testOnBorrow(true)
+            .testOnReturn(false)
+            .build();
+        try {
+            return new ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool(poolConfig, connectConfig);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException exception) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to initialize Milvus client pool", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public <T> T withClient(Function<MilvusClientV2, T> operation) {
+        lifecycleLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool currentPool = requireOpenPool();
+            MilvusClientV2 client = currentPool.getClient(POOL_KEY);
+            if (client == null) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                    "Milvus client pool is exhausted or unavailable"
+                );
+            }
+            Throwable operationFailure = null;
+            try {
+                return operation.apply(client);
+            } catch (RuntimeException | Error exception) {
+                operationFailure = exception;
+                throw exception;
+            } finally {
+                RuntimeException cleanupFailure = null;
+                try {
+                    if (operationFailure == null) {
+                        currentPool.returnClient(POOL_KEY, client);
+                    } else {
+                        discardFailedClient(currentPool, client);
+                    }
+                } catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+                    cleanupFailure = exception;
+                }
+                if (cleanupFailure != null) {
+                    if (operationFailure == null) {
+                        throw cleanupFailure;
+                    }
+                    operationFailure.addSuppressed(cleanupFailure);
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            lifecycleLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void discardFailedClient(
+        ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool currentPool,
+        MilvusClientV2 client
+    ) {
+        RuntimeException cleanupFailure = null;
+        try {
+            currentPool.invalidateClient(POOL_KEY, client);
+        } catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+            cleanupFailure = exception;
+        }
+        try {
+            currentPool.clear(POOL_KEY);
+        } catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+            if (cleanupFailure == null) {
+                cleanupFailure = exception;
+            } else {
+                cleanupFailure.addSuppressed(exception);
+            }
+        }
+        if (cleanupFailure != null) {
+            throw cleanupFailure;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Rebuilds the pool when connection or pool settings change.
+     * Active RPCs finish before the old pool is closed.
+     *
+     * @return true when a new pool was installed
+     */
+    public boolean reconfigureIfNeeded(MilvusVectorStoreConfig config) {
+        PoolSettings nextSettings = PoolSettings.from(config);
+        String nextFingerprint = fingerprint(nextSettings);
+        if (nextFingerprint.equals(poolFingerprint)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        lifecycleLock.writeLock().lock();
+        try {
+            if (closed) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Milvus client pool is closed");
+            }
+            if (nextFingerprint.equals(poolFingerprint)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool replacement = createPool(nextSettings);
+            ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool previous = pool;
+            pool = replacement;
+            poolFingerprint = nextFingerprint;
+            initializedCollections.clear();
+            loadedCollections.clear();
+            if (previous != null) {
+                previous.close();
+            }
+            return true;
+        } finally {
+            lifecycleLock.writeLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    boolean isCollectionInitialized(String collectionName) {
+        return initializedCollections.contains(collectionName);
+    }
+
+    Object initializedCollectionsLock() {
+        return initializedCollections;
+    }
+
+    void markCollectionInitialized(String collectionName) {
+        initializedCollections.add(collectionName);
+    }
+
+    boolean isCollectionLoaded(String collectionName) {
+        return loadedCollections.contains(collectionName);
+    }
+
+    Object loadedCollectionsLock() {
+        return loadedCollections;
+    }
+
+    void markCollectionLoaded(String collectionName) {
+        loadedCollections.add(collectionName);
+    }
+
+    void markCollectionUnloaded(String collectionName) {
+        loadedCollections.remove(collectionName);
+    }
+
+    public int getActiveClientCount() {
+        lifecycleLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            return requireOpenPool().getTotalActiveClientNumber();
+        } finally {
+            lifecycleLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getIdleClientCount() {
+        lifecycleLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            return requireOpenPool().getTotalIdleClientNumber();
+        } finally {
+            lifecycleLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        lifecycleLock.writeLock().lock();
+        try {
+            initializedCollections.clear();
+            loadedCollections.clear();
+            ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool currentPool = pool;
+            pool = null;
+            poolFingerprint = null;
+            closed = true;
+            if (currentPool != null) {
+                currentPool.close();
+            }
+        } finally {
+            lifecycleLock.writeLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool requireOpenPool() {
+        ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool currentPool = pool;
+        if (closed || currentPool == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Milvus client pool is closed");
+        }
+        return currentPool;
+    }
+
+    private static String fingerprint(PoolSettings settings) {
+        String value = String.join("\u0000",
+            String.valueOf(settings.uri()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.databaseName()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.token()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.username()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.password()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolMaxTotal()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolMaxTotalPerKey()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolMaxIdlePerKey()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolMinIdlePerKey()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolMaxWaitMillis()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolEvictionIntervalMillis()),
+            String.valueOf(settings.poolMinEvictableIdleMillis())
+        );
+        try {
+            byte[] digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256")
+                .digest(value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(digest.length * 2);
+            for (byte item : digest) {
+                result.append(String.format("%02x", item & 0xff));
+            }
+            return result.toString();
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException exception) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("SHA-256 is unavailable", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static ConnectConfig buildConnectConfig(MilvusVectorStoreConfig config) {
+        return buildConnectConfig(PoolSettings.from(config));
+    }
+
+    private static ConnectConfig buildConnectConfig(PoolSettings settings) {
+        String uri = normalizeAndValidateUri(settings.uri());
+        String databaseName = StringUtil.hasText(settings.databaseName())
+            ? settings.databaseName().trim()
+            : "default";
+        ConnectConfig.ConnectConfigBuilder<?, ?> builder = ConnectConfig.builder()
+            .uri(uri)
+            .dbName(databaseName);
+        if (StringUtil.hasText(settings.token())) {
+            builder.token(settings.token().trim());
+        }
+        if (StringUtil.hasText(settings.username()) && StringUtil.hasText(settings.password())) {
+            builder.username(settings.username().trim());
+            builder.password(settings.password().trim());
+        }
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private record PoolSettings(
+        String uri,
+        String databaseName,
+        String token,
+        String username,
+        String password,
+        int poolMaxTotal,
+        int poolMaxTotalPerKey,
+        int poolMaxIdlePerKey,
+        int poolMinIdlePerKey,
+        long poolMaxWaitMillis,
+        long poolEvictionIntervalMillis,
+        long poolMinEvictableIdleMillis
+    ) {
+        private static PoolSettings from(MilvusVectorStoreConfig config) {
+            return new PoolSettings(
+                config.getUri(),
+                config.getDatabaseName(),
+                config.getToken(),
+                config.getUsername(),
+                config.getPassword(),
+                config.getPoolMaxTotal(),
+                config.getPoolMaxTotalPerKey(),
+                config.getPoolMaxIdlePerKey(),
+                config.getPoolMinIdlePerKey(),
+                config.getPoolMaxWaitMillis(),
+                config.getPoolEvictionIntervalMillis(),
+                config.getPoolMinEvictableIdleMillis()
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool extends MilvusClientV2Pool {
+
+        private ManagedMilvusClientV2Pool(
+            PoolConfig poolConfig,
+            ConnectConfig connectConfig
+        ) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException {
+            super(poolConfig, connectConfig);
+        }
+
+        private void invalidateClient(String key, MilvusClientV2 client) {
+            try {
+                clientPool.invalidateObject(key, client);
+            } catch (Exception exception) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to invalidate Milvus client", exception);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static String normalizeAndValidateUri(String uri) {
+        if (StringUtil.noText(uri)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "Milvus uri is required. Example: http://127.0.0.1:19530"
+            );
+        }
+        String normalized = uri.trim();
+        if (!normalized.contains("://")) {
+            normalized = "http://" + normalized;
+        }
+        try {
+            URI parsed = URI.create(normalized);
+            if (StringUtil.noText(parsed.getHost()) || parsed.getPort() <= 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Milvus uri: " + uri);
+            }
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException exception) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "Invalid Milvus uri: " + uri + ". Example: http://127.0.0.1:19530",
+                exception
+            );
+        }
+        return normalized;
+    }
+}

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/src/main/java/com/easyagents/store/milvus/MilvusVectorStore.java

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
  */
 package com.easyagents.store.milvus;
 
-import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
-import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
+import com.google.gson.Gson;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 import com.easyagents.core.document.Document;
 import com.easyagents.core.store.DocumentStore;
 import com.easyagents.core.store.SearchWrapper;
@@ -25,23 +25,21 @@ import com.easyagents.core.store.StoreResult;
 import com.easyagents.core.util.CollectionUtil;
 import com.easyagents.core.util.Maps;
 import com.easyagents.core.util.StringUtil;
-import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
 import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
 import io.milvus.v2.common.ConsistencyLevel;
 import io.milvus.v2.common.DataType;
 import io.milvus.v2.common.IndexParam;
-import io.milvus.v2.exception.MilvusClientException;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.CreateCollectionReq;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.GetLoadStateReq;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.HasCollectionReq;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.LoadCollectionReq;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.*;
+import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.data.FloatVec;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.response.QueryResp;
 import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.response.SearchResp;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
-import java.net.URI;
 import java.util.*;
 
 /**
@@ -58,57 +56,34 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
     private static final String FIELD_METADATA = "metadata";
     private static final String FIELD_VECTOR = "vector";
 
-    private final MilvusClientV2 client;
+    private static final Gson GSON = new Gson();
+
+    private final MilvusClientManager clientManager;
     private final MilvusVectorStoreConfig config;
     private final String defaultCollectionName;
-    private final Set<String> initializedCollections = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<String>());
-    private final Set<String> loadedCollections = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<String>());
+    private final boolean ownsClientManager;
+    private volatile MilvusClientV2 compatibilityClient;
 
     public MilvusVectorStore(MilvusVectorStoreConfig config) {
-        this.config = config;
-        this.defaultCollectionName = config.getDefaultCollectionName();
-        String uri = normalizeAndValidateUri(config.getUri());
-        String dbName = StringUtil.hasText(config.getDatabaseName()) ? config.getDatabaseName().trim() : "default";
-
-        ConnectConfig.ConnectConfigBuilder<?, ?> builder = ConnectConfig.builder()
-            .uri(uri)
-            .dbName(dbName);
-
-        if (StringUtil.hasText(config.getToken())) {
-            builder.token(config.getToken().trim());
-        }
-
-        if (StringUtil.hasText(config.getUsername()) && StringUtil.hasText(config.getPassword())) {
-            builder.username(config.getUsername().trim());
-            builder.password(config.getPassword().trim());
-        }
-
-        ConnectConfig connectConfig = builder.build();
-        this.client = new MilvusClientV2(connectConfig);
+        this(config, new MilvusClientManager(config), true);
     }
 
-    private String normalizeAndValidateUri(String uri) {
-        if (StringUtil.noText(uri)) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Milvus uri is required. Example: http://127.0.0.1:19530");
-        }
+    public MilvusVectorStore(
+        MilvusVectorStoreConfig config,
+        MilvusClientManager clientManager
+    ) {
+        this(config, clientManager, false);
+    }
 
-        String normalized = uri.trim();
-        if (!normalized.contains("://")) {
-            normalized = "http://" + normalized;
-        }
-
-        URI parsed;
-        try {
-            parsed = URI.create(normalized);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Milvus uri: " + uri + ". Example: http://127.0.0.1:19530", e);
-        }
-
-        if (StringUtil.noText(parsed.getHost()) || parsed.getPort() <= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Milvus uri: " + uri + ". Example: http://127.0.0.1:19530");
-        }
-
-        return normalized;
+    private MilvusVectorStore(
+        MilvusVectorStoreConfig config,
+        MilvusClientManager clientManager,
+        boolean ownsClientManager
+    ) {
+        this.config = config;
+        this.defaultCollectionName = config.getDefaultCollectionName();
+        this.clientManager = Objects.requireNonNull(clientManager, "clientManager");
+        this.ownsClientManager = ownsClientManager;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -121,22 +96,25 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
             throw new IllegalStateException("CollectionName is null or blank. please config the \"defaultCollectionName\" or store with designative collectionName.");
         }
 
-        int dimension = getDimension(documents);
-        ensureCollectionExists(collectionName, dimension);
-
         try {
-            InsertReq.InsertReqBuilder<?, ?> builder = InsertReq.builder();
-            if (StringUtil.hasText(options.getPartitionName())) {
-                builder.partitionName(options.getPartitionName());
-            }
-            InsertReq insertReq = builder
-                .collectionName(collectionName)
-                .data(toMilvusDocuments(documents))
-                .build();
-            client.insert(insertReq);
+            int dimension = getDimension(documents);
+            clientManager.withClient(client -> {
+                ensureCollectionExists(client, collectionName, dimension);
+                InsertReq.InsertReqBuilder<?, ?> builder = InsertReq.builder();
+                if (StringUtil.hasText(options.getPartitionName())) {
+                    builder.partitionName(options.getPartitionName());
+                }
+                client.insert(builder
+                    .collectionName(collectionName)
+                    .data(toMilvusDocuments(documents))
+                    .build());
+                return null;
+            });
             return StoreResult.successWithIds(documents);
-        } catch (MilvusClientException e) {
-            return StoreResult.fail();
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            LOG.error("Milvus insert failed. collection={}, message={}",
+                collectionName, e.getMessage(), e);
+            return StoreResult.fail(e.getMessage());
         }
     }
 
@@ -159,7 +137,10 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
                 .collectionName(collectionName)
                 .ids(MilvusPrimaryKeySupport.normalize(ids))
                 .build();
-            client.delete(deleteReq);
+            clientManager.withClient(client -> {
+                client.delete(deleteReq);
+                return null;
+            });
             return StoreResult.success();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             LOG.error("Milvus delete failed. collection={}, message={}",
@@ -178,19 +159,22 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
             throw new IllegalStateException("CollectionName is null or blank. please config the \"defaultCollectionName\" or store with designative collectionName.");
         }
 
-        int dimension = getDimension(documents);
-        ensureCollectionExists(collectionName, dimension);
-
         try {
-            UpsertReq upsertReq = UpsertReq.builder()
-                .collectionName(collectionName)
-                .partitionName(options.getPartitionName())
-                .data(toMilvusDocuments(documents))
-                .build();
-            client.upsert(upsertReq);
+            int dimension = getDimension(documents);
+            clientManager.withClient(client -> {
+                ensureCollectionExists(client, collectionName, dimension);
+                client.upsert(UpsertReq.builder()
+                    .collectionName(collectionName)
+                    .partitionName(options.getPartitionName())
+                    .data(toMilvusDocuments(documents))
+                    .build());
+                return null;
+            });
             return StoreResult.successWithIds(documents);
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            return StoreResult.fail();
+            LOG.error("Milvus upsert failed. collection={}, message={}",
+                collectionName, e.getMessage(), e);
+            return StoreResult.fail(e.getMessage());
         }
     }
 
@@ -200,58 +184,80 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
         if (StringUtil.noText(collectionName)) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("CollectionName is null or blank. please config the \"defaultCollectionName\" or store with designative collectionName.");
         }
-        ensureCollectionLoaded(collectionName);
-
-        if (wrapper.getVector() == null || wrapper.getVector().length == 0) {
-            return queryByCondition(wrapper, options, collectionName);
-        }
-        return searchByVector(wrapper, options, collectionName);
+        return clientManager.withClient(client -> {
+            ensureCollectionLoaded(client, collectionName);
+            if (wrapper.getVector() == null || wrapper.getVector().length == 0) {
+                return queryByCondition(client, wrapper, options, collectionName);
+            }
+            return searchByVector(client, wrapper, options, collectionName);
+        });
     }
 
-    private List<Document> searchByVector(SearchWrapper wrapper, StoreOptions options, String collectionName) {
+    private List<Document> searchByVector(
+        MilvusClientV2 client,
+        SearchWrapper wrapper,
+        StoreOptions options,
+        String collectionName
+    ) {
         SearchReq searchReq = buildSearchReq(wrapper, options, collectionName);
         try {
             SearchResp resp = client.search(searchReq);
             return parseSearchResults(resp, wrapper.getMinScore());
         } catch (Exception e) {
             if (isCollectionNotLoaded(e)) {
-                loadedCollections.remove(collectionName);
+                clientManager.markCollectionUnloaded(collectionName);
                 try {
-                    ensureCollectionLoaded(collectionName);
+                    ensureCollectionLoaded(client, collectionName);
                     SearchResp retryResp = client.search(searchReq);
                     return parseSearchResults(retryResp, wrapper.getMinScore());
                 } catch (Exception retryException) {
-                    LOG.warn("Milvus search retry failed after load. collection={}, message={}", collectionName, retryException.getMessage());
-                    return Collections.emptyList();
+                    retryException.addSuppressed(e);
+                    throw propagateSearchFailure("search", collectionName, retryException);
                 }
             }
-            LOG.warn("Milvus search failed. collection={}, message={}", collectionName, e.getMessage());
-            return Collections.emptyList();
+            throw propagateSearchFailure("search", collectionName, e);
         }
     }
 
-    private List<Document> queryByCondition(SearchWrapper wrapper, StoreOptions options, String collectionName) {
+    private List<Document> queryByCondition(
+        MilvusClientV2 client,
+        SearchWrapper wrapper,
+        StoreOptions options,
+        String collectionName
+    ) {
         QueryReq queryReq = buildQueryReq(wrapper, options, collectionName);
         try {
             QueryResp resp = client.query(queryReq);
             return parseQueryResults(resp);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             if (isCollectionNotLoaded(e)) {
-                loadedCollections.remove(collectionName);
+                clientManager.markCollectionUnloaded(collectionName);
                 try {
-                    ensureCollectionLoaded(collectionName);
+                    ensureCollectionLoaded(client, collectionName);
                     QueryResp retryResp = client.query(queryReq);
                     return parseQueryResults(retryResp);
                 } catch (Exception retryException) {
-                    LOG.warn("Milvus query retry failed after load. collection={}, message={}", collectionName, retryException.getMessage());
-                    return Collections.emptyList();
+                    retryException.addSuppressed(e);
+                    throw propagateSearchFailure("query", collectionName, retryException);
                 }
             }
-            LOG.warn("Milvus query failed. collection={}, message={}", collectionName, e.getMessage());
-            return Collections.emptyList();
+            throw propagateSearchFailure("query", collectionName, e);
         }
     }
 
+    private RuntimeException propagateSearchFailure(
+        String operation,
+        String collectionName,
+        Exception exception
+    ) {
+        LOG.error("Milvus {} failed. collection={}, message={}",
+            operation, collectionName, exception.getMessage(), exception);
+        if (exception instanceof RuntimeException runtimeException) {
+            return runtimeException;
+        }
+        return new IllegalStateException("Milvus " + operation + " failed", exception);
+    }
+
     private SearchReq buildSearchReq(SearchWrapper wrapper, StoreOptions options, String collectionName) {
         SearchReq.SearchReqBuilder<?, ?> builder = SearchReq.builder()
             .collectionName(collectionName)
@@ -259,7 +265,7 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
             .outputFields(getOutputFields(wrapper))
             .topK(wrapper.getMaxResults())
             .annsField(FIELD_VECTOR)
-            .data(Collections.singletonList(toFloatList(wrapper.getVector())))
+            .data(Collections.singletonList(new FloatVec(wrapper.getVector())))
             .searchParams(Maps.of("ef", 64));
 
         if (CollectionUtil.hasItems(options.getPartitionNamesOrEmpty())) {
@@ -305,11 +311,7 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
                     continue;
                 }
                 document.setId(result.getId());
-                Float distance = result.getDistance();
-                if (distance != null) {
-                    double score = (distance + 1.0d) / 2.0d;
-                    document.setScore(score);
-                }
+                document.setScore(normalizeScore(result.getScore()));
                 if (minScore == null || document.getScore() == null || document.getScore() >= minScore) {
                     documents.add(document);
                 }
@@ -318,6 +320,10 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
         return documents;
     }
 
+    static Double normalizeScore(Float rawScore) {
+        return rawScore == null ? null : (rawScore + 1.0d) / 2.0d;
+    }
+
     private List<Document> parseQueryResults(QueryResp resp) {
         List<QueryResp.QueryResult> results = resp.getQueryResults();
         if (CollectionUtil.noItems(results)) {
@@ -360,22 +366,28 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
             document.addMetadata(metadata);
         } else if (metadataObj != null) {
             @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-            Map<String, Object> metadata = JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(metadataObj), Map.class);
+            Map<String, Object> metadata = GSON.fromJson(
+                GSON.toJsonTree(metadataObj),
+                Map.class
+            );
             document.addMetadata(metadata);
         }
 
         return document;
     }
 
-    private List<JSONObject> toMilvusDocuments(List<Document> documents) {
-        List<JSONObject> rows = new ArrayList<JSONObject>(documents.size());
+    List<JsonObject> toMilvusDocuments(List<Document> documents) {
+        List<JsonObject> rows = new ArrayList<JsonObject>(documents.size());
         for (Document doc : documents) {
-            JSONObject row = new JSONObject();
-            row.put(FIELD_ID, String.valueOf(doc.getId()));
-            row.put(FIELD_CONTENT, doc.getContent());
-            row.put(FIELD_VECTOR, toFloatList(doc.getVector()));
+            JsonObject row = new JsonObject();
+            row.addProperty(FIELD_ID, String.valueOf(doc.getId()));
+            row.addProperty(FIELD_CONTENT, doc.getContent());
+            row.add(FIELD_VECTOR, GSON.toJsonTree(toFloatList(doc.getVector())));
             Map<String, Object> metadatas = doc.getMetadataMap();
-            row.put(FIELD_METADATA, metadatas == null ? new JSONObject() : new JSONObject(metadatas));
+            row.add(
+                FIELD_METADATA,
+                metadatas == null ? new JsonObject() : GSON.toJsonTree(metadatas)
+            );
             rows.add(row);
         }
         return rows;
@@ -413,33 +425,37 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
         throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to determine vector dimension for Milvus collection.");
     }
 
-    private void ensureCollectionExists(String collectionName, int dimension) {
-        if (initializedCollections.contains(collectionName)) {
+    private void ensureCollectionExists(
+        MilvusClientV2 client,
+        String collectionName,
+        int dimension
+    ) {
+        if (clientManager.isCollectionInitialized(collectionName)) {
             return;
         }
-        synchronized (initializedCollections) {
-            if (initializedCollections.contains(collectionName)) {
+        synchronized (clientManager.initializedCollectionsLock()) {
+            if (clientManager.isCollectionInitialized(collectionName)) {
                 return;
             }
             Boolean exists = client.hasCollection(HasCollectionReq.builder().collectionName(collectionName).build());
             if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(exists)) {
-                initializedCollections.add(collectionName);
+                clientManager.markCollectionInitialized(collectionName);
                 return;
             }
             if (!config.isAutoCreateCollection()) {
                 throw new IllegalStateException("Milvus collection not found and autoCreateCollection is disabled: " + collectionName);
             }
-            createCollection(collectionName, dimension);
-            initializedCollections.add(collectionName);
+            createCollection(client, collectionName, dimension);
+            clientManager.markCollectionInitialized(collectionName);
         }
     }
 
-    private void ensureCollectionLoaded(String collectionName) {
-        if (loadedCollections.contains(collectionName)) {
+    private void ensureCollectionLoaded(MilvusClientV2 client, String collectionName) {
+        if (clientManager.isCollectionLoaded(collectionName)) {
             return;
         }
-        synchronized (loadedCollections) {
-            if (loadedCollections.contains(collectionName)) {
+        synchronized (clientManager.loadedCollectionsLock()) {
+            if (clientManager.isCollectionLoaded(collectionName)) {
                 return;
             }
             boolean loaded = false;
@@ -451,13 +467,13 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
 
             if (!loaded) {
                 client.loadCollection(LoadCollectionReq.builder().collectionName(collectionName).build());
-                waitForCollectionLoaded(collectionName);
+                waitForCollectionLoaded(client, collectionName);
             }
-            loadedCollections.add(collectionName);
+            clientManager.markCollectionLoaded(collectionName);
         }
     }
 
-    private void waitForCollectionLoaded(String collectionName) {
+    private void waitForCollectionLoaded(MilvusClientV2 client, String collectionName) {
         long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + LOAD_TIMEOUT_MS;
         while (System.currentTimeMillis() < deadline) {
             if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(client.getLoadState(GetLoadStateReq.builder().collectionName(collectionName).build()))) {
@@ -485,7 +501,7 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
         return false;
     }
 
-    private void createCollection(String collectionName, int dimension) {
+    private void createCollection(MilvusClientV2 client, String collectionName, int dimension) {
         List<CreateCollectionReq.FieldSchema> fieldSchemaList = new ArrayList<CreateCollectionReq.FieldSchema>();
         fieldSchemaList.add(CreateCollectionReq.FieldSchema.builder()
             .name(FIELD_ID)
@@ -531,31 +547,56 @@ public class MilvusVectorStore extends DocumentStore implements AutoCloseable {
             .indexParams(indexParams)
             .build();
         client.createCollection(createCollectionReq);
-        ensureCollectionLoaded(collectionName);
-    }
-
-    public MilvusClientV2 getClient() {
-        return client;
+        ensureCollectionLoaded(client, collectionName);
     }
 
     public boolean checkAvailable() {
         try {
-            return client.hasCollection(HasCollectionReq.builder()
-                .collectionName("__milvus_boot_probe__")
-                .build()) != null;
+            return clientManager.withClient(client -> client.hasCollection(
+                HasCollectionReq.builder()
+                    .collectionName("__milvus_boot_probe__")
+                    .build()
+            )) != null;
         } catch (Exception e) {
             LOG.warn("Milvus availability check failed. message={}", e.getMessage());
             return false;
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns a compatibility client for integrations that used the pre-pool API.
+     * Prefer store operations so pooled lifecycle management remains automatic.
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    public MilvusClientV2 getClient() {
+        MilvusClientV2 current = compatibilityClient;
+        if (current != null) {
+            return current;
+        }
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (compatibilityClient == null) {
+                compatibilityClient = new MilvusClientV2(
+                    MilvusClientManager.buildConnectConfig(config)
+                );
+            }
+            return compatibilityClient;
+        }
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void close() {
-        try {
-            client.close(1L);
-        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
-            LOG.warn("Interrupted while closing Milvus client. uri={}", config.getUri(), e);
+        MilvusClientV2 legacyClient = compatibilityClient;
+        compatibilityClient = null;
+        if (legacyClient != null) {
+            try {
+                legacyClient.close(1L);
+            } catch (InterruptedException exception) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                LOG.warn("Interrupted while closing compatibility Milvus client", exception);
+            }
+        }
+        if (ownsClientManager) {
+            clientManager.close();
         }
     }
 }

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/src/main/java/com/easyagents/store/milvus/MilvusVectorStoreConfig.java

@@ -30,6 +30,13 @@ public class MilvusVectorStoreConfig implements DocumentStoreConfig {
     private String password;
     private String defaultCollectionName;
     private boolean autoCreateCollection = true;
+    private int poolMaxTotal = 8;
+    private int poolMaxTotalPerKey = 8;
+    private int poolMaxIdlePerKey = 4;
+    private int poolMinIdlePerKey = 1;
+    private long poolMaxWaitMillis = 3_000L;
+    private long poolEvictionIntervalMillis = 60_000L;
+    private long poolMinEvictableIdleMillis = 300_000L;
 
     public String getUri() {
         return uri;
@@ -87,6 +94,62 @@ public class MilvusVectorStoreConfig implements DocumentStoreConfig {
         this.autoCreateCollection = autoCreateCollection;
     }
 
+    public int getPoolMaxTotal() {
+        return poolMaxTotal;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolMaxTotal(int poolMaxTotal) {
+        this.poolMaxTotal = poolMaxTotal;
+    }
+
+    public int getPoolMaxTotalPerKey() {
+        return poolMaxTotalPerKey;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolMaxTotalPerKey(int poolMaxTotalPerKey) {
+        this.poolMaxTotalPerKey = poolMaxTotalPerKey;
+    }
+
+    public int getPoolMaxIdlePerKey() {
+        return poolMaxIdlePerKey;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolMaxIdlePerKey(int poolMaxIdlePerKey) {
+        this.poolMaxIdlePerKey = poolMaxIdlePerKey;
+    }
+
+    public int getPoolMinIdlePerKey() {
+        return poolMinIdlePerKey;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolMinIdlePerKey(int poolMinIdlePerKey) {
+        this.poolMinIdlePerKey = poolMinIdlePerKey;
+    }
+
+    public long getPoolMaxWaitMillis() {
+        return poolMaxWaitMillis;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolMaxWaitMillis(long poolMaxWaitMillis) {
+        this.poolMaxWaitMillis = poolMaxWaitMillis;
+    }
+
+    public long getPoolEvictionIntervalMillis() {
+        return poolEvictionIntervalMillis;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolEvictionIntervalMillis(long poolEvictionIntervalMillis) {
+        this.poolEvictionIntervalMillis = poolEvictionIntervalMillis;
+    }
+
+    public long getPoolMinEvictableIdleMillis() {
+        return poolMinEvictableIdleMillis;
+    }
+
+    public void setPoolMinEvictableIdleMillis(long poolMinEvictableIdleMillis) {
+        this.poolMinEvictableIdleMillis = poolMinEvictableIdleMillis;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public boolean checkAvailable() {
         return StringUtil.hasText(this.uri);

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/src/test/java/com/easyagents/store/milvus/MilvusVectorStoreCompatibilityTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package com.easyagents.store.milvus;
+
+import com.easyagents.core.document.Document;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Milvus SDK 2.3.11 数据适配回归测试。
+ */
+public class MilvusVectorStoreCompatibilityTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldConvertRowsToGsonWithoutLosingMetadata() {
+        MilvusVectorStoreConfig config = new MilvusVectorStoreConfig();
+        config.setUri("http://127.0.0.1:19530");
+        config.setDefaultCollectionName("test");
+        MilvusVectorStore store = new MilvusVectorStore(config);
+        try {
+            Document document = Document.of("正文");
+            document.setId("chunk-1");
+            document.setVector(new float[] { 0.25F, 0.75F });
+            document.addMetadata(Map.of("knowledgeId", "knowledge-1"));
+
+            List<JsonObject> rows = store.toMilvusDocuments(List.of(document));
+
+            Assert.assertEquals(1, rows.size());
+            Assert.assertEquals("chunk-1", rows.get(0).get("id").getAsString());
+            Assert.assertEquals("正文", rows.get(0).get("content").getAsString());
+            Assert.assertEquals(2, rows.get(0).getAsJsonArray("vector").size());
+            Assert.assertEquals(
+                "knowledge-1",
+                rows.get(0).getAsJsonObject("metadata").get("knowledgeId").getAsString()
+            );
+        } finally {
+            store.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldNormalizeUriWithoutExposingCredentialsInPoolKey() {
+        Assert.assertEquals(
+            "http://127.0.0.1:19530",
+            MilvusClientManager.normalizeAndValidateUri("127.0.0.1:19530")
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldRebuildPoolOnlyWhenConnectionSettingsChange() {
+        MilvusVectorStoreConfig config = new MilvusVectorStoreConfig();
+        config.setUri("http://127.0.0.1:19530");
+        MilvusClientManager manager = new MilvusClientManager(config);
+        try {
+            Assert.assertFalse(manager.reconfigureIfNeeded(config));
+
+            config.setPoolMaxTotal(9);
+
+            Assert.assertTrue(manager.reconfigureIfNeeded(config));
+            Assert.assertFalse(manager.reconfigureIfNeeded(config));
+        } finally {
+            manager.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldPreserveCosineScoreNormalization() {
+        Assert.assertEquals(Double.valueOf(1.0D), MilvusVectorStore.normalizeScore(1.0F));
+        Assert.assertEquals(Double.valueOf(0.5D), MilvusVectorStore.normalizeScore(0.0F));
+        Assert.assertEquals(Double.valueOf(0.0D), MilvusVectorStore.normalizeScore(-1.0F));
+        Assert.assertNull(MilvusVectorStore.normalizeScore(null));
+    }
+}

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/src/test/java/com/easyagents/store/milvus/MilvusVectorStoreConfigTest.java

@@ -34,4 +34,15 @@ public class MilvusVectorStoreConfigTest {
         config.setPassword("Milvus");
         Assert.assertTrue(config.checkAvailable());
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPoolDefaultsAreBounded() {
+        MilvusVectorStoreConfig config = new MilvusVectorStoreConfig();
+        Assert.assertEquals(8, config.getPoolMaxTotal());
+        Assert.assertEquals(8, config.getPoolMaxTotalPerKey());
+        Assert.assertEquals(4, config.getPoolMaxIdlePerKey());
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, config.getPoolMinIdlePerKey());
+        Assert.assertEquals(3_000L, config.getPoolMaxWaitMillis());
+        Assert.assertEquals(300_000L, config.getPoolMinEvictableIdleMillis());
+    }
 }

easy-agents-store/easy-agents-store-milvus/src/test/java/com/easyagents/store/milvus/MilvusVectorStoreIntegrationTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package com.easyagents.store.milvus;
+
+import com.easyagents.core.document.Document;
+import com.easyagents.core.store.SearchWrapper;
+import com.easyagents.core.store.StoreOptions;
+import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.DropCollectionReq;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Assume;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+/**
+ * Opt-in compatibility smoke tests for a real Milvus instance.
+ */
+public class MilvusVectorStoreIntegrationTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void shouldCrudAgainstRealMilvusAndRecoverPooledClients() throws Exception {
+        String uri = System.getenv("MILVUS_TEST_URI");
+        Assume.assumeTrue("MILVUS_TEST_URI is not configured", uri != null && !uri.isBlank());
+        String collectionName = "easy_agents_sdk_2311_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
+        MilvusVectorStoreConfig config = new MilvusVectorStoreConfig();
+        config.setUri(uri);
+        config.setDefaultCollectionName(collectionName);
+        config.setPoolMaxTotal(1);
+        config.setPoolMaxTotalPerKey(1);
+        config.setPoolMaxIdlePerKey(1);
+        config.setPoolMinIdlePerKey(0);
+        config.setPoolMaxWaitMillis(250L);
+        MilvusClientManager manager = new MilvusClientManager(config);
+        MilvusVectorStore store = new MilvusVectorStore(config, manager);
+        StoreOptions options = StoreOptions.ofCollectionName(collectionName);
+        try {
+            Document first = document("chunk-1", "first", 1.0F, 0.0F);
+            Document second = document("chunk-2", "second", 0.0F, 1.0F);
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.store(List.of(first, second), options).isSuccess());
+
+            SearchWrapper nearest = new SearchWrapper();
+            nearest.setVector(new float[] { 1.0F, 0.0F });
+            nearest.setMaxResults(1);
+            List<Document> initial = store.search(nearest, options);
+            Assert.assertEquals(1, initial.size());
+            Assert.assertEquals("chunk-1", String.valueOf(initial.get(0).getId()));
+
+            Document updated = document("chunk-1", "updated", 1.0F, 0.0F);
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.update(List.of(updated), options).isSuccess());
+            Assert.assertEquals("updated", store.search(nearest, options).get(0).getContent());
+
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.delete(List.of("chunk-2"), options).isSuccess());
+            SearchWrapper deleted = new SearchWrapper();
+            deleted.setWithVector(false);
+            deleted.eq("id", "chunk-2");
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.search(deleted, options).isEmpty());
+
+            assertQueryFailureIsNotReportedAsEmpty(store, options);
+            assertPoolExhaustionIsBounded(manager);
+            assertFailedClientIsNotReused(manager);
+            Assert.assertTrue(store.checkAvailable());
+        } finally {
+            try {
+                manager.withClient(client -> {
+                    client.dropCollection(DropCollectionReq.builder()
+                        .collectionName(collectionName)
+                        .build());
+                    return null;
+                });
+            } finally {
+                store.close();
+                manager.close();
+            }
+        }
+        try {
+            manager.getActiveClientCount();
+            Assert.fail("A closed pool must reject further use");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            Assert.assertEquals("Milvus client pool is closed", expected.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void assertQueryFailureIsNotReportedAsEmpty(
+        MilvusVectorStore store,
+        StoreOptions options
+    ) {
+        SearchWrapper invalid = new SearchWrapper();
+        invalid.setWithVector(false);
+        invalid.eq("id", "chunk-1");
+        StoreOptions invalidOptions = StoreOptions.ofCollectionName(
+            options.getCollectionName()
+        ).partitionName("__missing_partition__");
+        try {
+            store.search(invalid, invalidOptions);
+            Assert.fail("A Milvus query failure must not be reported as an empty result");
+        } catch (RuntimeException expected) {
+            Assert.assertNotNull(expected.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void assertFailedClientIsNotReused(MilvusClientManager manager)
+        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
+        CountDownLatch borrowed = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch fail = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        AtomicReference<Object> failedClient = new AtomicReference<>();
+        try {
+            Future<?> failing = executor.submit(() -> {
+                try {
+                    manager.withClient(client -> {
+                        failedClient.set(client);
+                        borrowed.countDown();
+                        try {
+                            if (!fail.await(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                                throw new IllegalStateException("Timed out waiting to fail client");
+                            }
+                        } catch (InterruptedException exception) {
+                            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                            throw new IllegalStateException(exception);
+                        }
+                        throw new IllegalStateException("synthetic RPC failure");
+                    });
+                    Assert.fail("The synthetic client failure must be propagated");
+                } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+                    Assert.assertEquals("synthetic RPC failure", expected.getMessage());
+                }
+            });
+            Assert.assertTrue(borrowed.await(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+            Future<Object> waiting = executor.submit(() -> manager.withClient(client -> client));
+            Thread.sleep(100L);
+            fail.countDown();
+            failing.get();
+            Assert.assertNotSame(failedClient.get(), waiting.get());
+        } finally {
+            fail.countDown();
+            executor.shutdownNow();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void assertPoolExhaustionIsBounded(MilvusClientManager manager)
+        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
+        CountDownLatch borrowed = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch release = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        try {
+            Future<?> holder = executor.submit(() -> manager.withClient(client -> {
+                borrowed.countDown();
+                try {
+                    if (!release.await(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                        throw new IllegalStateException("Timed out waiting to release pooled client");
+                    }
+                } catch (InterruptedException exception) {
+                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                    throw new IllegalStateException(exception);
+                }
+                return null;
+            }));
+            Assert.assertTrue(borrowed.await(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+            Future<?> waiter = executor.submit(() -> manager.withClient(client -> null));
+            try {
+                waiter.get();
+                Assert.fail("Pool exhaustion must fail after the configured wait");
+            } catch (ExecutionException expected) {
+                Assert.assertNotNull(expected.getCause());
+            }
+            release.countDown();
+            holder.get();
+        } finally {
+            release.countDown();
+            executor.shutdownNow();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Document document(String id, String content, float first, float second) {
+        Document document = Document.of(content);
+        document.setId(id);
+        document.setVector(new float[] { first, second });
+        return document;
+    }
+}