diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/.browserslistrc b/easyflow-ui-admin/.browserslistrc
index dc3bc09a..4ff9abc2 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/.browserslistrc
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/.browserslistrc
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 > 1%
 last 2 versions
+Chrome >= 90
 not dead
 not ie 11
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/package.json b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/package.json
index 7ef59f3f..91f278c7 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/package.json
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/package.json
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
     "@codemirror/view": "^6.39.15",
     "@element-plus/icons-vue": "^2.3.2",
     "@tinyflow-ai/vue": "workspace:*",
+    "@ungap/structured-clone": "1.3.0",
     "@vueuse/core": "catalog:",
     "@wangeditor/editor": "^5.1.23",
     "@wangeditor/editor-for-vue": "^5.1.12",
@@ -53,10 +54,12 @@
     "vue-cropper": "^1.1.4",
     "vue-element-plus-x": "catalog:",
     "vue-router": "catalog:",
-    "vue3-json-viewer": "^2.4.1"
+    "vue3-json-viewer": "^2.4.1",
+    "wicg-inert": "3.1.3"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/node-forge": "^1.3.14",
+    "@types/ungap__structured-clone": "1.2.0",
     "cssnano": "catalog:",
     "unplugin-element-plus": "catalog:"
   }
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiMessage.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiMessage.vue
index efe30ddb..857f7575 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiMessage.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiMessage.vue
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   max-width: min(88%, 640px);
   padding: 12px 14px;
   color: var(--el-text-color-primary);
+  background: var(--el-bg-color);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-bg-color) 88%, transparent);
   border: 1px solid var(--el-border-color-lighter);
   border-radius: 8px;
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiPromptInput.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiPromptInput.vue
index 4dfcd2b7..f995c5d8 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiPromptInput.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/ai-chat/AiPromptInput.vue
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ function handleKeydown(event: Event | KeyboardEvent) {
   align-items: flex-end;
   padding: 10px;
   margin: 0 16px 16px;
+  background: var(--el-bg-color);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-bg-color) 92%, transparent);
   border: 1px solid var(--el-border-color-lighter);
   border-radius: 8px;
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue
index 85a6cf39..40a5a591 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue
@@ -121,7 +121,11 @@ const sizeMap = {
 <template>
   <div
     class="tag"
-    :class="[`tag--${size}`, { 'tag--round': round }, `tag--border-${border}`]"
+    :class="[
+      `tag--${size}`,
+      { 'tag--closable': closable, 'tag--round': round },
+      `tag--border-${border}`,
+    ]"
     :style="[
       tagStyle,
       {
@@ -212,15 +216,15 @@ const sizeMap = {
 }
 
 /* 为可关闭标签调整内边距 */
-.tag:has(.tag__close) {
+.tag--closable {
   padding-right: 8px;
 }
 
-.tag:has(.tag__close).tag--small {
+.tag--closable.tag--small {
   padding-right: 6px;
 }
 
-.tag:has(.tag__close).tag--large {
+.tag--closable.tag--large {
   padding-right: 12px;
 }
 </style>
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tree/Tree.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tree/Tree.vue
index 913568d1..c5c2e2df 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tree/Tree.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/components/tree/Tree.vue
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
 .tree-select {
   width: 100%;
   overflow: hidden;
+  background: var(--el-bg-color);
   background: linear-gradient(
     180deg,
     color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-9) 32%, var(--el-bg-color))
@@ -330,6 +331,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
 }
 
 :deep(.el-tree-node.is-current > .el-tree-node__content) {
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-8);
   background: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary-light-8) 70%,
@@ -358,6 +360,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
 }
 
 :deep(.el-scrollbar__thumb) {
+  background: var(--el-text-color-placeholder);
   background: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-text-color-secondary) 22%,
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/main.ts b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/main.ts
index c76aa39e..759f16df 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/main.ts
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/main.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* eslint-disable perfectionist/sort-imports -- 兼容层必须先于所有业务依赖执行。 */
 import './polyfills';
 
 import {initPreferences, preferences, updatePreferences,} from '@easyflow/preferences';
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.test.ts b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c187a146
--- /dev/null
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import {
+  installArrayAtPolyfill,
+  installObjectHasOwnPolyfill,
+  installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill,
+  installStringAtPolyfill,
+  installStructuredClonePolyfill,
+  installUrlCanParsePolyfill,
+} from './polyfills';
+
+const descriptors = new Map<
+  string,
+  [object, PropertyKey, PropertyDescriptor | undefined]
+>();
+
+function remember(key: string, target: object, property: PropertyKey) {
+  descriptors.set(key, [
+    target,
+    property,
+    Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, property),
+  ]);
+}
+
+function remove(target: object, property: PropertyKey) {
+  Reflect.deleteProperty(target, property);
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  remember('arrayAt', Array.prototype, 'at');
+  remember('stringAt', String.prototype, 'at');
+  remember('hasOwn', Object, 'hasOwn');
+  remember('withResolvers', Promise, 'withResolvers');
+  remember('structuredClone', globalThis, 'structuredClone');
+  remember('canParse', URL, 'canParse');
+});
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  for (const [target, property, descriptor] of descriptors.values()) {
+    if (descriptor) Object.defineProperty(target, property, descriptor);
+    else remove(target, property);
+  }
+  descriptors.clear();
+});
+
+describe('chrome 90 browser polyfills', () => {
+  it('installs Array.prototype.at and String.prototype.at', () => {
+    remove(Array.prototype, 'at');
+    remove(String.prototype, 'at');
+
+    installArrayAtPolyfill();
+    installStringAtPolyfill();
+
+    expect(['first', 'last'].at(-1)).toBe('last');
+    expect('EasyFlow'.at(-1)).toBe('w');
+    expect('EasyFlow'.at(99)).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('installs Object.hasOwn without accepting inherited properties', () => {
+    remove(Object, 'hasOwn');
+    installObjectHasOwnPolyfill();
+
+    const value = Object.create({ inherited: true }) as { own?: boolean };
+    value.own = true;
+    expect(Object.hasOwn(value, 'own')).toBe(true);
+    expect(Object.hasOwn(value, 'inherited')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('installs Promise.withResolvers and exposes working callbacks', async () => {
+    remove(Promise, 'withResolvers');
+    installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill();
+
+    // eslint-disable-next-line n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax -- 测试目标就是验证该 API 的兼容实现。
+    const { promise, resolve } = Promise.withResolvers<string>();
+    resolve('ready');
+    await expect(promise).resolves.toBe('ready');
+  });
+
+  it('installs structuredClone with complex value and cycle support', () => {
+    remove(globalThis, 'structuredClone');
+    installStructuredClonePolyfill();
+
+    const source: {
+      createdAt: Date;
+      lookup: Map<string, number>;
+      self?: unknown;
+    } = {
+      createdAt: new Date('2026-07-15T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      lookup: new Map([['answer', 2026]]),
+    };
+    source.self = source;
+    const clone = structuredClone(source);
+
+    expect(clone).not.toBe(source);
+    expect(clone.self).toBe(clone);
+    expect(clone.createdAt).toEqual(source.createdAt);
+    expect(clone.lookup.get('answer')).toBe(2026);
+  });
+
+  it('installs URL.canParse for absolute and base-relative URLs', () => {
+    remove(URL, 'canParse');
+    installUrlCanParsePolyfill();
+
+    expect(URL.canParse('https://easyflow.example/chat')).toBe(true);
+    expect(URL.canParse('/chat', 'https://easyflow.example')).toBe(true);
+    expect(URL.canParse('/chat')).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.ts b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.ts
index 786d12aa..66cfb59b 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.ts
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/polyfills.ts
@@ -1,62 +1,241 @@
+/* eslint-disable no-extend-native -- 该文件用于集中安装旧浏览器缺失的原生 API。 */
+
+import { deserialize, serialize } from '@ungap/structured-clone';
+
+import 'wicg-inert';
+
+type AtFunction = (index: number) => unknown;
+type StructuredCloneFunction = <T>(
+  value: T,
+  options?: StructuredSerializeOptions,
+) => T;
+type WithResolversResult<T> = {
+  promise: Promise<T>;
+  reject: (reason?: unknown) => void;
+  resolve: (value: PromiseLike<T> | T) => void;
+};
+
 const objectConstructor = Object as ObjectConstructor & {
   hasOwn?: (object: unknown, property: PropertyKey) => boolean;
 };
-
-if (typeof objectConstructor.hasOwn !== 'function') {
-  Object.defineProperty(Object, 'hasOwn', {
-    configurable: true,
-    value(object: unknown, property: PropertyKey) {
-      if (object === null || object === undefined) {
-        throw new TypeError('Cannot convert undefined or null to object');
-      }
-      return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(Object(object), property);
-    },
-    writable: true,
-  });
-}
-
 const arrayPrototype = Array.prototype as unknown[] & {
+  at?: AtFunction;
   toReversed?: () => unknown[];
-  toSorted?: (compareFn?: (left: unknown, right: unknown) => number) => unknown[];
+  toSorted?: (
+    compareFn?: (left: unknown, right: unknown) => number,
+  ) => unknown[];
   toSpliced?: (
     start: number,
     deleteCount?: number,
     ...items: unknown[]
   ) => unknown[];
 };
+const stringPrototype = String.prototype as string & {
+  at?: AtFunction;
+};
+const promiseConstructor = Promise as PromiseConstructor & {
+  withResolvers?: <T>() => WithResolversResult<T>;
+};
+const urlConstructor = URL as typeof URL & {
+  canParse?: (url: string | URL, base?: string | URL) => boolean;
+};
+const browserGlobal = globalThis as typeof globalThis & {
+  structuredClone?: StructuredCloneFunction;
+};
 
-if (typeof arrayPrototype.toReversed !== 'function') {
-  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toReversed', {
-    configurable: true,
-    value() {
-      return Array.prototype.slice.call(this).reverse();
-    },
-    writable: true,
-  });
+/**
+ * 将索引转换为 Array.prototype.at 与 String.prototype.at 使用的整数。
+ */
+function toIntegerOrInfinity(index: number): number {
+  const numericIndex = Number(index);
+  if (Number.isNaN(numericIndex) || numericIndex === 0) return 0;
+  return numericIndex > 0 ? Math.floor(numericIndex) : Math.ceil(numericIndex);
 }
 
-if (typeof arrayPrototype.toSorted !== 'function') {
-  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toSorted', {
-    configurable: true,
-    value(compareFn?: (left: unknown, right: unknown) => number) {
-      return Array.prototype.slice.call(this).sort(compareFn);
-    },
-    writable: true,
-  });
-}
+/**
+ * 安装 Object.hasOwn 兼容实现。
+ */
+export function installObjectHasOwnPolyfill() {
+  if (typeof objectConstructor.hasOwn === 'function') return;
 
-if (typeof arrayPrototype.toSpliced !== 'function') {
-  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toSpliced', {
+  Object.defineProperty(Object, 'hasOwn', {
     configurable: true,
-    value(start: number, deleteCount?: number, ...items: unknown[]) {
-      const copy = Array.prototype.slice.call(this);
-      if (arguments.length === 1) {
-        copy.splice(start);
-      } else {
-        copy.splice(start, deleteCount as number, ...items);
+    value(object: unknown, property: PropertyKey) {
+      if (object === null || object === undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError('Cannot convert undefined or null to object');
       }
-      return copy;
+      // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/new-for-builtins -- Object() 保留 ToObject 语义。
+      return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(Object(object), property);
     },
     writable: true,
   });
 }
+
+/**
+ * 安装 Array.prototype.at 兼容实现。
+ */
+export function installArrayAtPolyfill() {
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.at === 'function') return;
+
+  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'at', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(this: ArrayLike<unknown> | null | undefined, index: number): unknown {
+      if (this === null || this === undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError('Array.prototype.at called on null or undefined');
+      }
+
+      const target = this as ArrayLike<unknown>;
+      const numericLength = Number(target.length);
+      const length =
+        Number.isNaN(numericLength) || numericLength <= 0
+          ? 0
+          : Math.min(Math.floor(numericLength), Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER);
+      const relativeIndex = toIntegerOrInfinity(index);
+      const actualIndex =
+        relativeIndex >= 0 ? relativeIndex : length + relativeIndex;
+
+      if (actualIndex < 0 || actualIndex >= length) return undefined;
+      return target[actualIndex];
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * 安装 String.prototype.at 兼容实现。
+ */
+export function installStringAtPolyfill() {
+  if (typeof stringPrototype.at === 'function') return;
+
+  Object.defineProperty(String.prototype, 'at', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(this: unknown, index: number): string | undefined {
+      if (this === null || this === undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError('String.prototype.at called on null or undefined');
+      }
+
+      const target = String(this);
+      const relativeIndex = toIntegerOrInfinity(index);
+      const actualIndex =
+        relativeIndex >= 0 ? relativeIndex : target.length + relativeIndex;
+      return actualIndex < 0 || actualIndex >= target.length
+        ? undefined
+        : target[actualIndex];
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * 安装不会修改原数组的数组复制方法。
+ */
+export function installArrayCopyingPolyfills() {
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.toReversed !== 'function') {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toReversed', {
+      configurable: true,
+      value() {
+        return Array.prototype.slice.call(this).reverse();
+      },
+      writable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.toSorted !== 'function') {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toSorted', {
+      configurable: true,
+      value(compareFn?: (left: unknown, right: unknown) => number) {
+        return Array.prototype.slice.call(this).sort(compareFn);
+      },
+      writable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.toSpliced !== 'function') {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toSpliced', {
+      configurable: true,
+      value(start: number, deleteCount?: number, ...items: unknown[]) {
+        const copy = Array.prototype.slice.call(this);
+        if (arguments.length === 1) {
+          copy.splice(start);
+        } else {
+          copy.splice(start, deleteCount as number, ...items);
+        }
+        return copy;
+      },
+      writable: true,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 安装 Promise.withResolvers 兼容实现。
+ */
+export function installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill() {
+  // eslint-disable-next-line n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax -- 此处专门检测并补齐该新 API。
+  if (typeof promiseConstructor.withResolvers === 'function') return;
+
+  Object.defineProperty(Promise, 'withResolvers', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value<T>(this: PromiseConstructor): WithResolversResult<T> {
+      let reject!: (reason?: unknown) => void;
+      let resolve!: (value: PromiseLike<T> | T) => void;
+      const promise = new this<T>((resolvePromise, rejectPromise) => {
+        resolve = resolvePromise;
+        reject = rejectPromise;
+      });
+      return { promise, reject, resolve };
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * 安装可处理循环引用、Map、Set 与日期的 structuredClone 兼容实现。
+ */
+export function installStructuredClonePolyfill() {
+  if (typeof browserGlobal.structuredClone === 'function') return;
+
+  Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'structuredClone', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: <T>(value: T) => deserialize(serialize(value)) as T,
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * 安装 URL.canParse 兼容实现。
+ */
+export function installUrlCanParsePolyfill() {
+  if (typeof urlConstructor.canParse === 'function') return;
+
+  Object.defineProperty(URL, 'canParse', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(url: string | URL, base?: string | URL) {
+      try {
+        const parsedUrl =
+          arguments.length > 1
+            ? new URL(String(url), String(base))
+            : new URL(String(url));
+        return parsedUrl instanceof URL;
+      } catch {
+        return false;
+      }
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * 在业务模块加载前安装 Chrome 90 缺失的运行时能力。
+ */
+export function installLegacyBrowserPolyfills() {
+  installObjectHasOwnPolyfill();
+  installArrayAtPolyfill();
+  installStringAtPolyfill();
+  installArrayCopyingPolyfills();
+  installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill();
+  installStructuredClonePolyfill();
+  installUrlCanParsePolyfill();
+}
+
+installLegacyBrowserPolyfills();
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/typings/wicg-inert.d.ts b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/typings/wicg-inert.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cbe57a15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/typings/wicg-inert.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+declare module 'wicg-inert';
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentInspectorPanel.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentInspectorPanel.vue
index 95e1d424..23689da4 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentInspectorPanel.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentInspectorPanel.vue
@@ -181,6 +181,7 @@ const selectedToolOptions = computed(() => {
   width: min(420px, calc(100vw - 320px));
   min-height: 0;
   overflow: hidden;
+  background: var(--el-bg-color);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-bg-color) 94%, transparent);
   border: 1px solid var(--el-border-color-lighter);
   border-radius: 8px;
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentWelcomeState.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentWelcomeState.vue
index 0f3b86d6..64c05f39 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentWelcomeState.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/AgentWelcomeState.vue
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 import { computed, ref, watch } from 'vue';
 
 import { ArrowRight } from '@element-plus/icons-vue';
+import { useResizeObserver } from '@vueuse/core';
 import { ElIcon } from 'element-plus';
 
 const props = defineProps<{
@@ -17,8 +18,17 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 }>();
 
 const avatarFailed = ref(false);
+const welcomeRef = ref<HTMLElement>();
+const legacyCompact = ref(false);
 const headingId = `agent-welcome-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 9)}`;
 const initial = computed(() => [...props.agentName.trim()][0] || 'A');
+const needsContainerQueryFallback =
+  typeof CSS === 'undefined' || !CSS.supports('container-type', 'inline-size');
+
+useResizeObserver(welcomeRef, ([entry]) => {
+  if (!needsContainerQueryFallback || !entry) return;
+  legacyCompact.value = entry.contentRect.width <= 560;
+});
 
 watch(
   () => props.avatar,
@@ -29,7 +39,12 @@ watch(
 </script>
 
 <template>
-  <section class="agent-welcome" :aria-labelledby="headingId">
+  <section
+    ref="welcomeRef"
+    class="agent-welcome"
+    :class="{ 'is-legacy-compact': legacyCompact }"
+    :aria-labelledby="headingId"
+  >
     <div class="agent-welcome__content">
       <div class="agent-welcome__avatar" aria-hidden="true">
         <img
@@ -213,6 +228,15 @@ watch(
   }
 }
 
+.agent-welcome.is-legacy-compact .agent-welcome__suggestions-grid {
+  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+  gap: var(--space-2);
+}
+
+.agent-welcome.is-legacy-compact .agent-welcome__message {
+  font-size: 16px;
+}
+
 @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
   .agent-welcome__question,
   .agent-welcome__question .el-icon {
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioCanvas.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioCanvas.vue
index d1431aaf..0a5f4b8c 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioCanvas.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioCanvas.vue
@@ -378,6 +378,7 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
 }
 
 .agent-studio-canvas :deep(.tf-flow-line-path) {
+  stroke: var(--el-border-color);
   stroke: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary) 30%,
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioEdgeLayer.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioEdgeLayer.vue
index 1ff69f4c..ff517278 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioEdgeLayer.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioEdgeLayer.vue
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ defineProps<{
 
 .agent-studio-edge-layer__path {
   fill: none;
+  stroke: var(--el-border-color);
   stroke: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary) 30%,
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioNode.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioNode.vue
index c17f5522..d992ddd6 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioNode.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/agents/components/agent-studio/AgentStudioNode.vue
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ const iconComponent = computed(() => {
   color: var(--el-text-color-primary);
   text-align: left;
   cursor: pointer;
+  background: var(--el-bg-color);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-bg-color) 96%, transparent);
   border: 1px solid var(--el-border-color-lighter);
   border-radius: 16px;
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ const iconComponent = computed(() => {
 
 .agent-studio-node:hover {
   background: var(--el-bg-color);
+  border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-7);
   border-color: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary) 26%,
@@ -88,11 +90,13 @@ const iconComponent = computed(() => {
 }
 
 .agent-studio-node.is-selected {
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-9);
   background: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary-light-9) 54%,
     var(--el-bg-color)
   );
+  border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-5);
   border-color: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary) 42%,
@@ -132,6 +136,7 @@ const iconComponent = computed(() => {
   width: 50px;
   height: 50px;
   font-size: 28px;
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-8);
   background: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary-light-8) 74%,
@@ -174,6 +179,7 @@ const iconComponent = computed(() => {
   font-size: 11px;
   line-height: 16px;
   color: var(--el-color-primary);
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-9);
   background: color-mix(
     in srgb,
     var(--el-color-primary-light-9) 74%,
@@ -193,4 +199,14 @@ const iconComponent = computed(() => {
   color: var(--el-text-color-regular);
   -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
 }
+
+@supports not (color: color-mix(in srgb, red, blue)) {
+  .agent-studio-node:hover {
+    border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-7);
+  }
+
+  .agent-studio-node.is-selected {
+    border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-5);
+  }
+}
 </style>
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/ChunkDocumentTable.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/ChunkDocumentTable.vue
index f539643c..6490b665 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/ChunkDocumentTable.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/ChunkDocumentTable.vue
@@ -357,11 +357,13 @@ const getChunkHeaderLabel = (row: any) => {
   position: relative;
   padding: 20px 20px 18px;
   overflow: hidden;
+  background: var(--el-fill-color-blank);
   background: linear-gradient(
     135deg,
     color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-9) 80%, white) 0%,
     var(--el-fill-color-blank) 38%
   );
+  border: 1px solid var(--el-border-color-light);
   border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-border-color-light) 78%, white);
   border-radius: 18px;
   box-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgb(15 23 42 / 6%);
@@ -372,6 +374,7 @@ const getChunkHeaderLabel = (row: any) => {
   inset: 0 auto 0 0;
   width: 4px;
   content: '';
+  background: var(--el-color-primary);
   background: linear-gradient(
     180deg,
     var(--el-color-primary),
@@ -393,7 +396,9 @@ const getChunkHeaderLabel = (row: any) => {
   width: 34px;
   height: 34px;
   color: var(--el-color-primary);
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-9);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-9) 66%, white);
+  border: 1px solid var(--el-color-primary-light-8);
   border: 1px solid
     color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-8) 72%, white);
   box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgb(37 99 235 / 10%);
@@ -402,6 +407,7 @@ const getChunkHeaderLabel = (row: any) => {
 .chunk-card__action--ghost {
   color: var(--el-text-color-secondary);
   background: rgb(255 255 255 / 86%);
+  border-color: var(--el-border-color-light);
   border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-border-color-light) 86%, white);
   box-shadow: none;
 }
@@ -429,6 +435,7 @@ const getChunkHeaderLabel = (row: any) => {
   height: 8px;
   border-radius: 999px;
   background: var(--el-color-primary);
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px var(--el-color-primary-light-9);
   box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px
     color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-8) 50%, transparent);
 }
@@ -594,4 +601,18 @@ const getChunkHeaderLabel = (row: any) => {
     font-size: 12px;
   }
 }
+
+@supports not (color: color-mix(in srgb, red, blue)) {
+  .chunk-card {
+    border-color: var(--el-border-color-light);
+  }
+
+  .chunk-card__action {
+    border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-8);
+  }
+
+  .chunk-card__action--ghost {
+    border-color: var(--el-border-color-light);
+  }
+}
 </style>
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SegmenterDoc.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SegmenterDoc.vue
index 626fc9c1..260642b9 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SegmenterDoc.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SegmenterDoc.vue
@@ -492,7 +492,9 @@ watch(
   font-size: 13px;
   line-height: 1.7;
   color: var(--el-color-danger-dark-2);
+  background: var(--el-color-danger-light-9);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-danger-light-9) 88%, white);
+  border: 1px solid var(--el-color-danger-light-8);
   border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-danger) 14%, white);
   border-radius: 16px;
 }
@@ -554,4 +556,10 @@ watch(
     min-height: auto;
   }
 }
+
+@supports not (color: color-mix(in srgb, red, blue)) {
+  .workbench__error {
+    border-color: var(--el-color-danger-light-8);
+  }
+}
 </style>
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SplitterDocPreview.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SplitterDocPreview.vue
index 01ca4cc8..d5d79566 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SplitterDocPreview.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/app/src/views/ai/documentCollection/SplitterDocPreview.vue
@@ -297,6 +297,7 @@ const isActiveChunk = (chunk: ChunkItem) =>
   padding: 15px 16px 14px;
   cursor: pointer;
   user-select: none;
+  background: var(--el-fill-color-blank);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-fill-color-blank) 92%, white);
   border: 1px solid rgb(15 23 42 / 7%);
   border-radius: 14px;
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue
index 5fdeb433..a093c32a 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   <div
     :class="
       cn(
-        'relative [&>[data-slot=input]]:has-[[data-slot=decrement]]:pl-5 [&>[data-slot=input]]:has-[[data-slot=increment]]:pr-5',
+        'relative [&>[data-slot=input]]:pl-5 [&>[data-slot=input]]:pr-5',
         props.class,
       )
     "
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/common-ui/src/components/chat-timeline/ChatKnowledgeCard.vue b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/common-ui/src/components/chat-timeline/ChatKnowledgeCard.vue
index 467f7ccb..90192367 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/common-ui/src/components/chat-timeline/ChatKnowledgeCard.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/common-ui/src/components/chat-timeline/ChatKnowledgeCard.vue
@@ -201,8 +201,11 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
   min-height: 26px;
   padding: 3px 9px;
   color: var(--el-color-primary);
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-9);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-9) 78%, white);
-  border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-7) 72%, white);
+  border: 1px solid var(--el-color-primary-light-7);
+  border: 1px solid
+    color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-7) 72%, white);
   border-radius: 999px;
   transition:
     color 0.18s ease,
@@ -215,6 +218,7 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
 .chat-knowledge-card__pill:hover,
 .chat-knowledge-card__pill.is-active {
   color: var(--el-color-primary);
+  background: var(--el-color-primary-light-8);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary-light-8) 80%, white);
   border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-5);
 }
@@ -236,7 +240,12 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
   justify-content: center;
   width: 16px;
   height: 16px;
-  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary) 78%, var(--el-text-color-regular));
+  color: var(--el-color-primary);
+  color: color-mix(
+    in srgb,
+    var(--el-color-primary) 78%,
+    var(--el-text-color-regular)
+  );
 }
 
 .chat-knowledge-card__label {
@@ -253,7 +262,12 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
   font-size: 12px;
   font-weight: 600;
   line-height: 18px;
-  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-color-primary) 62%, var(--el-text-color-secondary));
+  color: var(--el-text-color-secondary);
+  color: color-mix(
+    in srgb,
+    var(--el-color-primary) 62%,
+    var(--el-text-color-secondary)
+  );
   text-align: center;
 }
 
@@ -262,6 +276,7 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
   padding: 14px;
   margin-top: 8px;
   color: var(--el-text-color-primary);
+  background: var(--el-bg-color-overlay);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-bg-color-overlay) 94%, white);
   border: 1px solid var(--el-border-color-lighter);
   border-radius: 12px;
@@ -335,6 +350,7 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
 
 .chat-knowledge-card__hit {
   padding: 10px 10px 10px 12px;
+  background: var(--el-fill-color-lighter);
   background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--el-fill-color-lighter) 72%, white);
   border-left: 2px solid var(--el-color-primary-light-5);
   border-radius: 8px;
@@ -365,4 +381,10 @@ function toggleCitation(id: string) {
   max-height: 200px;
   overflow: auto;
 }
+
+@supports not (color: color-mix(in srgb, red, blue)) {
+  .chat-knowledge-card__pill {
+    border-color: var(--el-color-primary-light-7);
+  }
+}
 </style>
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css
index 5b47fa2c..d3e940cc 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@
   padding: 0.6em 0;
 }
 
+.vxe-tools--operate:empty,
 .vxe-tools--operate:not(:has(button)) {
   margin-left: 0;
 }
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/mixed-input.svelte b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/mixed-input.svelte
index 21c45155..e5f61b15 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/mixed-input.svelte
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/mixed-input.svelte
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
         </div>
 
         {#snippet floating()}
-             <div class="tf-mixed-dropdown nopan nodrag nowheel">
+             <div class="tf-mixed-dropdown nopan nodrag nowheel {hoveredItem?.children?.length ? 'has-secondary' : ''}">
                   <div class="tf-mixed-list tf-mixed-primary-list">
                       {#each refOptions as item}
                           <button class="tf-mixed-item {hoveredItem?.value === item.value ? 'active' : ''}"
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@
   }
   .tf-mixed-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 8px; overflow-y: auto; }
   .tf-mixed-primary-list { width: 100%; flex-shrink: 0; background: var(--tf-bg-surface-alt); }
-  .tf-mixed-dropdown:has(.tf-mixed-secondary-list) .tf-mixed-primary-list { width: auto; min-width: 180px; }
+  .tf-mixed-dropdown.has-secondary .tf-mixed-primary-list { width: auto; min-width: 180px; }
   .tf-mixed-secondary-list { min-width: 220px; background: var(--tf-bg-surface); padding: 12px; border-left: 1px solid var(--tf-bg-muted); animation: slideIn 0.2s ease-out; box-sizing: border-box; }
 
   @keyframes slideIn { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-10px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(0); } }
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/select.svelte b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/select.svelte
index 2b8300a7..c5a30727 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/select.svelte
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/packages/tinyflow-ui/src/components/base/select.svelte
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
                     </div>
                 </div>
             {:else}
-                <div class="tf-select-wrapper nopan nodrag nowheel">
+                <div class="tf-select-wrapper nopan nodrag nowheel {hoveredItem?.children?.length ? 'has-secondary' : ''}">
                     <!-- 一级列表：节点/分类 -->
                     <div class="tf-select-list tf-select-primary-list">
                         {#each items as item}
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@
     }
 
     /* When a secondary list is open, we fix the primary list to 100% of the input's width (done via absolute positioning or just keeping it wide enough) */
-    .tf-select-wrapper:has(.tf-select-secondary-list) &.tf-select-primary-list {
+    .tf-select-wrapper.has-secondary &.tf-select-primary-list {
         /* Let it take the width of the input minus borders/paddings if needed, but minWidth handles it mostly */
         width: auto; 
         min-width: 160px;
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-admin/pnpm-lock.yaml b/easyflow-ui-admin/pnpm-lock.yaml
index b2f40090..cfba5620 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-admin/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/easyflow-ui-admin/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -661,6 +661,9 @@ importers:
       '@tinyflow-ai/vue':
         specifier: workspace:*
         version: link:../packages/tinyflow-vue
+      '@ungap/structured-clone':
+        specifier: 1.3.0
+        version: 1.3.0
       '@vueuse/core':
         specifier: 'catalog:'
         version: 13.9.0(vue@3.5.24(typescript@5.9.3))
@@ -712,10 +715,16 @@ importers:
       vue3-json-viewer:
         specifier: ^2.4.1
         version: 2.4.1(vue@3.5.24(typescript@5.9.3))
+      wicg-inert:
+        specifier: 3.1.3
+        version: 3.1.3
     devDependencies:
       '@types/node-forge':
         specifier: ^1.3.14
         version: 1.3.14
+      '@types/ungap__structured-clone':
+        specifier: 1.2.0
+        version: 1.2.0
       cssnano:
         specifier: 'catalog:'
         version: 7.1.2(postcss@8.5.6)
@@ -4360,6 +4369,9 @@ packages:
   '@types/trusted-types@2.0.7':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-ScaPdn1dQczgbl0QFTeTOmVHFULt394XJgOQNoyVhZ6r2vLnMLJfBPd53SB52T/3G36VI1/g2MZaX0cwDuXsfw==}
 
+  '@types/ungap__structured-clone@1.2.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ZoaihZNLeZSxESbk9PUAPZOlSpcKx81I1+4emtULDVmBLkYutTcMlCj2K9VNlf9EWODxdO6gkAqEaLorXwZQVA==}
+
   '@types/unist@2.0.11':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-CmBKiL6NNo/OqgmMn95Fk9Whlp2mtvIv+KNpQKN2F4SjvrEesubTRWGYSg+BnWZOnlCaSTU1sMpsBOzgbYhnsA==}
 
@@ -10982,6 +10994,9 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>=8'}
     hasBin: true
 
+  wicg-inert@3.1.3:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-5L0PKK7iP+0Q/jv2ccgmkz/pfXbumZtlEyWS/xnX+L+Og3f7WjL4+iEs18k4IuldOX3PgGpza3qGndL9xUBjCQ==}
+
   widest-line@5.0.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-c9bZp7b5YtRj2wOe6dlj32MK+Bx/M/d+9VB2SHM1OtsUHR0aV0tdP6DWh/iMt0kWi1t5g1Iudu6hQRNd1A4PVA==}
     engines: {node: '>=18'}
@@ -14195,6 +14210,8 @@ snapshots:
 
   '@types/trusted-types@2.0.7': {}
 
+  '@types/ungap__structured-clone@1.2.0': {}
+
   '@types/unist@2.0.11': {}
 
   '@types/unist@3.0.3': {}
@@ -21789,6 +21806,8 @@ snapshots:
       siginfo: 2.0.0
       stackback: 0.0.2
 
+  wicg-inert@3.1.3: {}
+
   widest-line@5.0.0:
     dependencies:
       string-width: 7.2.0
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/.browserslistrc b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/.browserslistrc
index dc3bc09a..4ff9abc2 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/.browserslistrc
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/.browserslistrc
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 > 1%
 last 2 versions
+Chrome >= 90
 not dead
 not ie 11
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/package.json b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/package.json
index 855e4c5e..84410b4e 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/package.json
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/package.json
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
     "@easyflow/types": "workspace:*",
     "@easyflow/utils": "workspace:*",
     "@element-plus/icons-vue": "^2.3.2",
+    "@ungap/structured-clone": "1.3.0",
     "@vueuse/core": "catalog:",
     "dayjs": "catalog:",
     "element-plus": "catalog:",
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/node-forge": "^1.3.14",
+    "@types/ungap__structured-clone": "1.2.0",
     "unplugin-element-plus": "catalog:"
   }
 }
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue
index 091d0e17..4927db47 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/components/tag/Tag.vue
@@ -121,7 +121,11 @@ const sizeMap = {
 <template>
   <div
     class="tag"
-    :class="[`tag--${size}`, { 'tag--round': round }, `tag--border-${border}`]"
+    :class="[
+      `tag--${size}`,
+      { 'tag--closable': closable, 'tag--round': round },
+      `tag--border-${border}`,
+    ]"
     :style="[
       tagStyle,
       {
@@ -212,15 +216,15 @@ const sizeMap = {
 }
 
 /* 为可关闭标签调整内边距 */
-.tag:has(.tag__close) {
+.tag--closable {
   padding-right: 8px;
 }
 
-.tag:has(.tag__close).tag--small {
+.tag--closable.tag--small {
   padding-right: 6px;
 }
 
-.tag:has(.tag__close).tag--large {
+.tag--closable.tag--large {
   padding-right: 12px;
 }
 </style>
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/main.ts b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/main.ts
index 8256c7e8..a0e4debc 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/main.ts
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/main.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+/* eslint-disable perfectionist/sort-imports -- 兼容层必须先于所有业务依赖执行。 */
+import './polyfills';
+
 import { initPreferences } from '@easyflow/preferences';
 import { unmountGlobalLoading } from '@easyflow/utils';
 
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/polyfills.test.ts b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/polyfills.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e39a5a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/polyfills.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import {
+  installArrayAtPolyfill,
+  installObjectHasOwnPolyfill,
+  installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill,
+  installStringAtPolyfill,
+  installStructuredClonePolyfill,
+  installUrlCanParsePolyfill,
+} from './polyfills';
+
+const descriptors = new Map<
+  string,
+  [object, PropertyKey, PropertyDescriptor | undefined]
+>();
+
+function remember(key: string, target: object, property: PropertyKey) {
+  descriptors.set(key, [
+    target,
+    property,
+    Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, property),
+  ]);
+}
+
+function remove(target: object, property: PropertyKey) {
+  Reflect.deleteProperty(target, property);
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  remember('arrayAt', Array.prototype, 'at');
+  remember('stringAt', String.prototype, 'at');
+  remember('hasOwn', Object, 'hasOwn');
+  remember('withResolvers', Promise, 'withResolvers');
+  remember('structuredClone', globalThis, 'structuredClone');
+  remember('canParse', URL, 'canParse');
+});
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  for (const [target, property, descriptor] of descriptors.values()) {
+    if (descriptor) Object.defineProperty(target, property, descriptor);
+    else remove(target, property);
+  }
+  descriptors.clear();
+});
+
+describe('chrome 90 browser polyfills', () => {
+  it('restores missing collection and object APIs', () => {
+    remove(Array.prototype, 'at');
+    remove(String.prototype, 'at');
+    remove(Object, 'hasOwn');
+    installArrayAtPolyfill();
+    installStringAtPolyfill();
+    installObjectHasOwnPolyfill();
+
+    expect(['first', 'last'].at(-1)).toBe('last');
+    expect('EasyFlow'.at(-1)).toBe('w');
+    expect(Object.hasOwn({ ready: true }, 'ready')).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('restores missing async, clone and URL APIs', async () => {
+    remove(Promise, 'withResolvers');
+    remove(globalThis, 'structuredClone');
+    remove(URL, 'canParse');
+    installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill();
+    installStructuredClonePolyfill();
+    installUrlCanParsePolyfill();
+
+    // eslint-disable-next-line n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax -- 测试目标就是验证该 API 的兼容实现。
+    const { promise, resolve } = Promise.withResolvers<string>();
+    resolve('ready');
+    await expect(promise).resolves.toBe('ready');
+
+    const source: { map: Map<string, number>; self?: unknown } = {
+      map: new Map([['answer', 2026]]),
+    };
+    source.self = source;
+    const clone = structuredClone(source);
+    expect(clone.self).toBe(clone);
+    expect(clone.map.get('answer')).toBe(2026);
+    expect(URL.canParse('/chat', 'https://easyflow.example')).toBe(true);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/polyfills.ts b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/polyfills.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14772b83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/app/src/polyfills.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/* eslint-disable no-extend-native -- 该文件用于集中安装旧浏览器缺失的原生 API。 */
+
+import { deserialize, serialize } from '@ungap/structured-clone';
+
+type AtFunction = (index: number) => unknown;
+type StructuredCloneFunction = <T>(
+  value: T,
+  options?: StructuredSerializeOptions,
+) => T;
+type WithResolversResult<T> = {
+  promise: Promise<T>;
+  reject: (reason?: unknown) => void;
+  resolve: (value: PromiseLike<T> | T) => void;
+};
+
+const objectConstructor = Object as ObjectConstructor & {
+  hasOwn?: (object: unknown, property: PropertyKey) => boolean;
+};
+const arrayPrototype = Array.prototype as unknown[] & {
+  at?: AtFunction;
+  toReversed?: () => unknown[];
+  toSorted?: (
+    compareFn?: (left: unknown, right: unknown) => number,
+  ) => unknown[];
+  toSpliced?: (
+    start: number,
+    deleteCount?: number,
+    ...items: unknown[]
+  ) => unknown[];
+};
+const stringPrototype = String.prototype as string & {
+  at?: AtFunction;
+};
+const promiseConstructor = Promise as PromiseConstructor & {
+  withResolvers?: <T>() => WithResolversResult<T>;
+};
+const urlConstructor = URL as typeof URL & {
+  canParse?: (url: string | URL, base?: string | URL) => boolean;
+};
+const browserGlobal = globalThis as typeof globalThis & {
+  structuredClone?: StructuredCloneFunction;
+};
+
+/** 将索引转换为 at 方法使用的整数。 */
+function toIntegerOrInfinity(index: number): number {
+  const numericIndex = Number(index);
+  if (Number.isNaN(numericIndex) || numericIndex === 0) return 0;
+  return numericIndex > 0 ? Math.floor(numericIndex) : Math.ceil(numericIndex);
+}
+
+/** 安装 Object.hasOwn 兼容实现。 */
+export function installObjectHasOwnPolyfill() {
+  if (typeof objectConstructor.hasOwn === 'function') return;
+  Object.defineProperty(Object, 'hasOwn', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(object: unknown, property: PropertyKey) {
+      if (object === null || object === undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError('Cannot convert undefined or null to object');
+      }
+      // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/new-for-builtins -- Object() 保留 ToObject 语义。
+      return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(Object(object), property);
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/** 安装 Array.prototype.at 兼容实现。 */
+export function installArrayAtPolyfill() {
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.at === 'function') return;
+  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'at', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(this: ArrayLike<unknown> | null | undefined, index: number): unknown {
+      if (this === null || this === undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError('Array.prototype.at called on null or undefined');
+      }
+      const target = this as ArrayLike<unknown>;
+      const numericLength = Number(target.length);
+      const length =
+        Number.isNaN(numericLength) || numericLength <= 0
+          ? 0
+          : Math.min(Math.floor(numericLength), Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER);
+      const relativeIndex = toIntegerOrInfinity(index);
+      const actualIndex =
+        relativeIndex >= 0 ? relativeIndex : length + relativeIndex;
+      return actualIndex < 0 || actualIndex >= length
+        ? undefined
+        : target[actualIndex];
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/** 安装 String.prototype.at 兼容实现。 */
+export function installStringAtPolyfill() {
+  if (typeof stringPrototype.at === 'function') return;
+  Object.defineProperty(String.prototype, 'at', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(this: unknown, index: number): string | undefined {
+      if (this === null || this === undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError('String.prototype.at called on null or undefined');
+      }
+      const target = String(this);
+      const relativeIndex = toIntegerOrInfinity(index);
+      const actualIndex =
+        relativeIndex >= 0 ? relativeIndex : target.length + relativeIndex;
+      return actualIndex < 0 || actualIndex >= target.length
+        ? undefined
+        : target[actualIndex];
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/** 安装不会修改原数组的数组复制方法。 */
+export function installArrayCopyingPolyfills() {
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.toReversed !== 'function') {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toReversed', {
+      configurable: true,
+      value() {
+        return Array.prototype.slice.call(this).reverse();
+      },
+      writable: true,
+    });
+  }
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.toSorted !== 'function') {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toSorted', {
+      configurable: true,
+      value(compareFn?: (left: unknown, right: unknown) => number) {
+        return Array.prototype.slice.call(this).sort(compareFn);
+      },
+      writable: true,
+    });
+  }
+  if (typeof arrayPrototype.toSpliced !== 'function') {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'toSpliced', {
+      configurable: true,
+      value(start: number, deleteCount?: number, ...items: unknown[]) {
+        const copy = Array.prototype.slice.call(this);
+        if (arguments.length === 1) copy.splice(start);
+        else copy.splice(start, deleteCount as number, ...items);
+        return copy;
+      },
+      writable: true,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/** 安装 Promise.withResolvers 兼容实现。 */
+export function installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill() {
+  // eslint-disable-next-line n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax -- 此处专门检测并补齐该新 API。
+  if (typeof promiseConstructor.withResolvers === 'function') return;
+  Object.defineProperty(Promise, 'withResolvers', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value<T>(this: PromiseConstructor): WithResolversResult<T> {
+      let reject!: (reason?: unknown) => void;
+      let resolve!: (value: PromiseLike<T> | T) => void;
+      const promise = new this<T>((resolvePromise, rejectPromise) => {
+        resolve = resolvePromise;
+        reject = rejectPromise;
+      });
+      return { promise, reject, resolve };
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/** 安装可处理复杂值与循环引用的 structuredClone 兼容实现。 */
+export function installStructuredClonePolyfill() {
+  if (typeof browserGlobal.structuredClone === 'function') return;
+  Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'structuredClone', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: <T>(value: T) => deserialize(serialize(value)) as T,
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/** 安装 URL.canParse 兼容实现。 */
+export function installUrlCanParsePolyfill() {
+  if (typeof urlConstructor.canParse === 'function') return;
+  Object.defineProperty(URL, 'canParse', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value(url: string | URL, base?: string | URL) {
+      try {
+        const parsedUrl =
+          arguments.length > 1
+            ? new URL(String(url), String(base))
+            : new URL(String(url));
+        return parsedUrl instanceof URL;
+      } catch {
+        return false;
+      }
+    },
+    writable: true,
+  });
+}
+
+/** 在业务模块加载前安装 Chrome 90 缺失的运行时能力。 */
+export function installLegacyBrowserPolyfills() {
+  installObjectHasOwnPolyfill();
+  installArrayAtPolyfill();
+  installStringAtPolyfill();
+  installArrayCopyingPolyfills();
+  installPromiseWithResolversPolyfill();
+  installStructuredClonePolyfill();
+  installUrlCanParsePolyfill();
+}
+
+installLegacyBrowserPolyfills();
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/internal/vite-config/src/config/application.ts b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/internal/vite-config/src/config/application.ts
index 2e0e3fc3..aa3ad41b 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/internal/vite-config/src/config/application.ts
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/internal/vite-config/src/config/application.ts
@@ -78,6 +78,10 @@ function defineApplicationConfig(userConfigPromise?: DefineApplicationOptions) {
           : [],
         legalComments: 'none',
       },
+      // 工作区包在本地与构建时均解析到源码，避免 unbuild stub 进入浏览器产物。
+      resolve: {
+        conditions: ['development'],
+      },
       plugins,
       server: {
         host: true,
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue
index 5fdeb433..a093c32a 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/@core/ui-kit/shadcn-ui/src/ui/number-field/NumberFieldContent.vue
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   <div
     :class="
       cn(
-        'relative [&>[data-slot=input]]:has-[[data-slot=decrement]]:pl-5 [&>[data-slot=input]]:has-[[data-slot=increment]]:pr-5',
+        'relative [&>[data-slot=input]]:pl-5 [&>[data-slot=input]]:pr-5',
         props.class,
       )
     "
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css
index 5b47fa2c..d3e940cc 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/packages/effects/plugins/src/vxe-table/style.css
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@
   padding: 0.6em 0;
 }
 
+.vxe-tools--operate:empty,
 .vxe-tools--operate:not(:has(button)) {
   margin-left: 0;
 }
diff --git a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/pnpm-lock.yaml b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/pnpm-lock.yaml
index a5dea010..7ec0336a 100644
--- a/easyflow-ui-usercenter/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/easyflow-ui-usercenter/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -634,6 +634,9 @@ importers:
       '@element-plus/icons-vue':
         specifier: ^2.3.2
         version: 2.3.2(vue@3.5.24(typescript@5.9.3))
+      '@ungap/structured-clone':
+        specifier: 1.3.0
+        version: 1.3.0
       '@vueuse/core':
         specifier: 'catalog:'
         version: 13.9.0(vue@3.5.24(typescript@5.9.3))
@@ -674,6 +677,9 @@ importers:
       '@types/node-forge':
         specifier: ^1.3.14
         version: 1.3.14
+      '@types/ungap__structured-clone':
+        specifier: 1.2.0
+        version: 1.2.0
       unplugin-element-plus:
         specifier: 'catalog:'
         version: 0.10.0
@@ -4028,6 +4034,9 @@ packages:
   '@types/trusted-types@2.0.7':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-ScaPdn1dQczgbl0QFTeTOmVHFULt394XJgOQNoyVhZ6r2vLnMLJfBPd53SB52T/3G36VI1/g2MZaX0cwDuXsfw==}
 
+  '@types/ungap__structured-clone@1.2.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ZoaihZNLeZSxESbk9PUAPZOlSpcKx81I1+4emtULDVmBLkYutTcMlCj2K9VNlf9EWODxdO6gkAqEaLorXwZQVA==}
+
   '@types/unist@2.0.11':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-CmBKiL6NNo/OqgmMn95Fk9Whlp2mtvIv+KNpQKN2F4SjvrEesubTRWGYSg+BnWZOnlCaSTU1sMpsBOzgbYhnsA==}
 
@@ -13006,6 +13015,8 @@ snapshots:
 
   '@types/trusted-types@2.0.7': {}
 
+  '@types/ungap__structured-clone@1.2.0': {}
+
   '@types/unist@2.0.11': {}
 
   '@types/unist@3.0.3': {}